Driving Determinants Influencing Mortality of Goats in the Tropics: Challenges for Sustainable Livestock Development

Year : 2025 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 02 | Page : 29 48
    By

    Md. Emran Hossain,

  • Shilpi Islam,

  1. Professor, Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, , Bangladesh
  2. Professor, Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Gazipur Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, , Bangladesh

Abstract

Goat mortality in the tropics is driven by multifactorial determinants that pose critical challenges to sustainable livestock development. Key contributors include infectious diseases, such as peste des petits ruminants, goat pox, enterotoxemia, and haemonchosis, which remain prevalent due to limited vaccination coverage and inadequate biosecurity measures. Bacterial infections, like pneumonia and caseous lymphadenitis, along with parasitic infestations, such as coccidiosis and liver fluke, significantly reduce goat survival rates, especially in poorly managed herds. Environmental stressors, including heat stress, drought, and flooding, exacerbate these challenges by reducing food and water availability, increasing vulnerability to disease outbreaks. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in protein, energy, and essential minerals, further compromise immune function, predisposing goats to higher mortality risks. Poor management practices, such as overcrowding, inadequate housing, and unhygienic conditions, amplify these issues, especially in regions with limited veterinary and extension services. Together, these determinants disrupt herd productivity, compromise economic viability, and threaten food security, highlighting the complex interplay of biological, environmental, and management factors. Addressing goat mortality in the tropics requires a detailed understanding of these driving determinants to inform future research and policy, ultimately overcoming the barriers to sustainable livestock development in resource-constrained tropical systems.

Keywords: Biosecurity, diseases, drought, goat mortality, heat stress, livestock development, nutrition, parasites, sustainability, tropics

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology ]

How to cite this article:
Md. Emran Hossain, Shilpi Islam. Driving Determinants Influencing Mortality of Goats in the Tropics: Challenges for Sustainable Livestock Development. Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology. 2025; 14(02):29-48.
How to cite this URL:
Md. Emran Hossain, Shilpi Islam. Driving Determinants Influencing Mortality of Goats in the Tropics: Challenges for Sustainable Livestock Development. Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology. 2025; 14(02):29-48. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjodst/article=2025/view=202263


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 14
Issue 02
Received 05/02/2025
Accepted 21/02/2025
Published 28/02/2025
Publication Time 23 Days
384

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