Optimal PMU Placement in Power Systems Using Graph Theory and PSAT

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 02 | Page : 26 32
    By

    Neha Khurana,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Maharshi Dayanand University (MDU), Rohtak, Haryana, India

Abstract

Phasor measurement units (PMUs) play a vital role in modern power systems by delivering synchronized, real-time measurements. These devices enhance system reliability by supporting functions such as monitoring, protection, and control. By accurately capturing voltage and current phasors across different locations, PMUs enable better situational awareness and more effective decision-making in grid operations and management. Determining the optimal location of PMUs is essential to ensure system observability, reduce installation costs, and improve network reliability and efficiency. It was discovered that there is no one methodology that is always better; rather, the best approach is determined by the needs and limitations of the system. Instruction-Level Parallelism (ILP) and heuristic methods are effective for small to medium-sized networks, whereas metaheuristic and AI- based approaches are more suitable for large and complex networks. This paper determines the optimal placement of PMUs using graph theory methods implemented within the power system analysis toolbox (PSAT). By applying these analytical techniques, the study enhances the monitoring and observability of power systems, ensuring more efficient data acquisition and system analysis for improved reliability and performance.

Keywords: PMU, optimal placement problem, integer linear programming, heuristic algorithms, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, power system observability

[This article belongs to Trends in Electrical Engineering ]

How to cite this article:
Neha Khurana. Optimal PMU Placement in Power Systems Using Graph Theory and PSAT. Trends in Electrical Engineering. 2025; 15(02):26-32.
How to cite this URL:
Neha Khurana. Optimal PMU Placement in Power Systems Using Graph Theory and PSAT. Trends in Electrical Engineering. 2025; 15(02):26-32. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/tee/article=2025/view=224916


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 15
Issue 02
Received 30/04/2025
Accepted 12/05/2025
Published 29/08/2025
Publication Time 121 Days
25

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