[{“box”:0,”content”:”n[if 992 equals=”Open Access”]n
n
Open Access
nn
n
n[/if 992]n[if 2704 equals=”Yes”]n
nThis is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.n
n[/if 2704]n
n
n
nn
n
Ujjawal Tamboli, Pankaj Chasta, Chhaya Deval, Shivam Rongpi, Kamalesh Mistry,
n t
n
n[/foreach]
n
n[if 2099 not_equal=”Yes”]n
- [foreach 286] [if 1175 not_equal=””]n t
- Research Scholar, Associate Professor, Manufacturing Chemist, Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Mewar University, Gangrar, Chittorgarh, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Mewar University, Gangrar, Chittorgarh, Malook Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd., Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Mewar University, Gangrar, Chittorgarh, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Mewar University, Gangrar, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, Rajasthan, South Delhi, Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India, India, India, India, India
n[/if 1175][/foreach]
n[/if 2099][if 2099 equals=”Yes”][/if 2099]n
Abstract
n
n
nMicroneedles (MNs) represent a revolutionary and transformative advancement in the realm of transdermal drug delivery systems, which are designed to facilitate the administration of therapeutic agents through the skin. These exceptionally small, micron-scale needles penetrate the stratum corneum, thereby enabling the direct delivery of pharmacological agents into the underlying dermis or the upper epidermis, consequently enhancing bioavailability while simultaneously circumventing the detrimental effects of first-pass metabolism and the degradation that often occurs within the digestive system. Fabricated from a variety of materials including, but not limited to, metals, polymers, silicon, and various sugars, microneedles are produced through cutting-edge manufacturing processes such as photolithography, micromolding, and advanced 3D printing techniques, and they can be classified into several categories including solid, coated, dissolving, hollow, and hydrogel-forming. They have exhibited remarkable potential across a wide array of applications, including cosmetic enhancements, diagnostic purposes, oncological treatments, vaccination strategies, and innovative drug delivery systems. Despite the numerous advantages that microneedles offer, such as enhanced patient compliance and the convenience of self-administration, there remain significant challenges that must be addressed, including issues related to mechanical strength, inadequate drug loading capabilities, and various regulatory hurdles that could impede their widespread adoption. The ongoing research focused on the development of intelligent microneedles and personalized therapeutic approaches underscores the pivotal role that microneedles are poised to play as an essential innovation in the future landscape of healthcare solutions.nn
n
Keywords: Microneedles, Transdermal Drug Delivery, Minimally Invasive Systems, Controlled Release Technology, Pharmaceutical Microfabrication.
n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Trends in Drug Delivery ]
n
n
n
n
nUjjawal Tamboli, Pankaj Chasta, Chhaya Deval, Shivam Rongpi, Kamalesh Mistry. [if 2584 equals=”][226 wpautop=0 striphtml=1][else]Microneedles: A Modern Breakthrough in Drug Delivery Systems[/if 2584]. Trends in Drug Delivery. 11/10/2025; 12(03):-.
n
nUjjawal Tamboli, Pankaj Chasta, Chhaya Deval, Shivam Rongpi, Kamalesh Mistry. [if 2584 equals=”][226 striphtml=1][else]Microneedles: A Modern Breakthrough in Drug Delivery Systems[/if 2584]. Trends in Drug Delivery. 11/10/2025; 12(03):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/tdd/article=11/10/2025/view=0
nn
n
n[if 992 not_equal=”Open Access”]n
n
n[/if 992]n
nn
Browse Figures
n
n
n[/if 379]
n
n
n
References n
n[if 1104 equals=””]n
- Giudice EL, Campbell JD. Needle-free vaccine delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2006;58(1):68–89. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2005.12.003
- Nir Y, Paz A, Sabo E, Potasman I. Fear of injections in young adults: prevalence and associations. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003;68(3):341–344. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2003.68.341
- Hamilton JG. Needle phobia: a neglected diagnosis. J Fam Pract. 1995;41(2):169–175. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7636457/
- Drucker E, Alcabes PG, Marx PA. The injection century: massive unsterile injections and the emergence of human pathogens. Lancet. 2001;358(9297):1989–1992. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06967-7
- Kermode M. Unsafe injections in low-income country health settings: need for injection safety promotion to prevent the spread of blood-borne viruses. Health Promot Int. 2004;19(1):95–103. doi:10.1093/heapro/dah110
- Singh R, Singh S, Lillard JW Jr. Past, present, and future technologies for oral delivery of therapeutic proteins. J Pharm Sci. 2008;97(7):2497–2523. doi:10.1002/jps.21183
- Amorij JP, Hinrichs WLJ, Frijlink HW, Wilschut JC, Huckriede A. Needle-free influenza vaccination. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10(10):699–711. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70157-2
- Mitragotri S. Immunization without needles. Nat Rev Immunol. 2005;5(12):905–916. doi:10.1038/nri1728
- Bronaugh RL, Maibach HI, editors. Percutaneous absorption: Drugs–Cosmetics–Mechanisms–Methodology. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2005.
- Prausnitz MR, Mikszta JA, Cormier M, Andrianov AK. Microneedle-based vaccines. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2009;333:369–393. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-92165-3_18
- Patel SR, Edelhauser HF, Prausnitz MR. Targeted drug delivery to the eye enabled by microneedles. In: Kompella UB, Edelhauser HF, editors. Drug product development for the back of the eye. Arlington (VA): AAPS; 2011. p.331–360.
- Yum K, Yu MF, Wang N, Xiang YK. Biofunctionalized nanoneedles for the direct and site-selective delivery of probes into living cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1810(3):330–338. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2010.05.005
- Yum K, Wang N, Yu MF. Nanoneedle: a multifunctional tool for biological studies in living cells. Nanoscale. 2010;2(3):363–372. doi:10.1039/b9nr00231f
- Arora A, Prausnitz MR, Mitragotri S. Micro-scale devices for transdermal drug delivery. Int J Pharm. 2008;364(2):227–236. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.08.032
- Banga AK. Microporation applications for enhancing drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2009;6(4):343–354. doi:10.1517/17425240902841935
- Birchall JC. Microneedle array technology: the time is right but is the science ready? Expert Rev Med Devic. 2006;3(1):1–4. doi:10.1586/17434440.3.1.1
- Coulman S, Allender CJ, Birchall JC. Microneedles and other physical methods for overcoming the stratum corneum barrier for cutaneous gene therapy. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2006;23(3):205–258. doi:10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.v23.i3.20
- Donnelly RF, Singh TRR, Woolfson AD. Microneedle-based drug delivery systems: microfabrication, drug delivery, and safety. Drug Deliv. 2010;17(4):187–207. doi:10.3109/10717541003667798
- Garland MJ, Migalska K, Mazela T, Mahmood T, Raghu T, Singh R, Woolfson AD, Donnelly RF. Microneedle arrays as medical devices for enhanced transdermal drug delivery. Expert Rev Med Devic. 2011;8(4):459–482. doi:10.1586/erd.11.20
- Gittard SD, Ovsianikov A, Chichkov BN, Doraiswamy A, Narayan RJ. Two-photon polymerization of microneedles for transdermal drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2010;7(4):513–533. doi:10.1517/17425241003628171
- Kalluri H, Banga AK. Microneedles and transdermal drug delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2009;19(5):303–310. doi:10.1016/S1773-2247(09)50065-2
- Khanna P, Strom JA, Malone JI, Bhansali S. Microneedle-based automated therapy for diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2008;2(6):1122–1129. doi:10.1177/193229680800200621
- McAllister DV, Allen MG, Prausnitz MR. Microfabricated microneedles for gene and drug delivery. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2000;2:289–313. doi:10.1146/annurev.bioeng.2.1.289
- Milewski M, Brogden NK, Stinchcomb AL. Current aspects of formulation efforts and pore lifetime related to microneedle treatment of skin. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2010;7(5):617–629. doi:10.1517/17425241003663228
- Prausnitz MR. Microneedles for transdermal drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2004;56(5):581–587. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2003.10.023
- Reed ML, Lye WK. Microsystems for drug and gene delivery. Proc IEEE. 2004;92(1):56–75. doi:10.1109/JPROC.2003.820542
- Sachdeva V, Banga AK. Microneedles and their applications. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2011;5(2):95–132. doi:10.2174/187221111795471445
- Shah UU, Roberts M, Orlu-Gul M, Tuleu C, Beresford MW. Needle-free and microneedle drug delivery in children: a case for disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Int J Pharm. 2011;416(1):1–11. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.07.002
- Singh TRR, Dunne NJ, Cunningham E, Donnelly RF. Review of patents on microneedle applicators. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2011;5(1):11–23. doi:10.2174/187221111794109484
- Singh TRR, Garland MJ, Cassidy CM, Migalska K, Demir YK, Abdelghany S, Ryan E, Woolfson AD, Donnelly RF. Microporation techniques for enhanced delivery of therapeutic agents. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2010;4(1):1–17. doi:10.2174/187221110789957174
- Sivamani RK, Liepmann D, Maibach HI. Microneedles and transdermal applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2007;4(1):19–25. doi:10.1517/17425247.4.1.19
- Vandervoort J, Ludwig A. Microneedles for transdermal drug delivery: a minireview. Front Biosci. 2008;13:1711–1715. doi:10.2741/2794
- Bariya SH, Gohel MC, Mehta TA, Sharma OP. Microneedles: an emerging transdermal drug delivery system. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2012;64(1):11–29. doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01369.x
- Park HA, Roy S, Khanna S, Sen CK. Current technologies in single-cell microinjection and application to study signal transduction. In: Das DK, editor. Methods in Redox Signaling. New Rochelle (NY): Mary Ann Liebert; 2010. p.71–77.
- Gerstel MS, Place VA. Drug delivery device. U.S. Patent 3,964,482. 1976.
- Madou MJ. Fundamentals of microfabrication and nanotechnology. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2011.
- Williams A. Transdermal and topical drug delivery. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2011.
- McAllister DV, Wang PM, Davis SP, Park JH, Canatella PJ, Allen MG, Prausnitz MR. Microfabricated needles for transdermal delivery of macromolecules and nanoparticles: fabrication methods and transport studies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100(24):13755–13760. doi:10.1073/pnas.2331316100
- Wilke N, Mulcahy A, Ye SR, Morrissey A. Process optimization and characterization of silicon microneedles fabricated by wet etch technology. Microelectron J. 2005;36(6):650–656. doi:10.1016/j.mejo.2005.04.044
nn[/if 1104][if 1104 not_equal=””]n
- [foreach 1102]n t
- [if 1106 equals=””], [/if 1106][if 1106 not_equal=””],[/if 1106]
n[/foreach]
n[/if 1104]
n
nn[if 1114 equals=”Yes”]n
n[/if 1114]
n
n
n
| Volume | 12 | |
| [if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] | 03 | |
| Received | 16/06/2025 | |
| Accepted | 21/06/2025 | |
| Published | 11/10/2025 | |
| Retracted | ||
| Publication Time | 117 Days |
n
n
nn
n
Login
PlumX Metrics
n
n
n[if 1746 equals=”Retracted”]n
[/if 1746]nnn
nnn”}]
