Microsphere-Based Drug Delivery: A Critical Review of Innovations and Applications

Year : 2025 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 02 | Page : 52 59
    By

    Saurabh Jawahar Sanghavi,

  • Satish Kumar Sarankar,

  1. Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacy, Mansarovar Global University, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, India
  2. Professor & Principal, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansarovar Global University, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract

Microspheres have emerged as a revolutionary approach in pharmaceutical sciences, offering controlled and targeted drug delivery with improved bioavailability, stability, and patient compliance. These spherical carriers, ranging from nanometers to micrometers in size, can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, enabling sustained and site-specific release. The development of microspheres has been significantly driven by the need to enhance drug efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest advancements in microsphere fabrication techniques, including solvent evaporation, spray drying, coacervation, ionic gelation, supercritical fluid technology, and microfluidics. Each method offers unique advantages in terms of particle size control, drug encapsulation efficiency, and scalability. The integration of nanotechnology and artificial intelligence into microsphere development has further enhanced precision in drug formulation, optimizing release kinetics and therapeutic effectiveness. Recent innovations in drug encapsulation and release mechanisms have led to the development of smart microspheres responsive to physiological stimuli, such as pH, temperature, and enzymes. These intelligent delivery systems have shown promising applications in cancer therapy, gastrointestinal drug delivery, and chronic disease management. A comparative analysis between conventional and advanced microsphere formulations highlights the significant improvements in drug stability, controlled release, and targeted therapy. Despite these advancements, challenges, such as stability issues, large-scale production constraints, and regulatory concerns remain barriers to commercial success. However, emerging solutions, including biodegradable polymers, AI-driven drug formulation, and eco-friendly fabrication processes, are addressing these hurdles, paving the way for next-generation microsphere-based therapeutics. Looking ahead, microsphere technology is expected to play a crucial role in the evolution of personalized medicine, with the potential to revolutionize treatment modalities through patient-specific drug delivery systems. The integration of microspheres with innovative biomedical approaches holds immense promise for enhancing therapeutic efficacy and safety. This review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of pharmaceutical microspheres, their fabrication, applications, and future directions, offering valuable insights for researchers and industry professionals striving to optimize drug delivery strategies.

Keywords: Microspheres, Controlled Drug Delivery, Microsphere Fabrication Techniques, Biodegradable Polymers, Targeted Drug Release, Smart Drug Delivery Systems.

[This article belongs to Trends in Drug Delivery ]

How to cite this article:
Saurabh Jawahar Sanghavi, Satish Kumar Sarankar. Microsphere-Based Drug Delivery: A Critical Review of Innovations and Applications. Trends in Drug Delivery. 2025; 12(02):52-59.
How to cite this URL:
Saurabh Jawahar Sanghavi, Satish Kumar Sarankar. Microsphere-Based Drug Delivery: A Critical Review of Innovations and Applications. Trends in Drug Delivery. 2025; 12(02):52-59. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/tdd/article=2025/view=208908


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 12
Issue 02
Received 27/02/2025
Accepted 06/03/2025
Published 23/04/2025
Publication Time 55 Days
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