Impact of Layer Height and Infill Line Orientation On 3D Printed Components Produced Via Additive Manufacturing

Year : 2025 | Volume : 13 | Special Issue 03 | Page : 315 323
    By

    Manish Dixit,

  • Pushpendra Yadav,

  • Piyush Singhal,

  1. Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
  2. Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRMS College of Engineering and Technology Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
  3. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is an extrusion-based technique used to create objects by extruding semi-molten material through a nozzle of specific dimensions. Materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), polycarbonate (PC), and others are commonly employed in this process to manufacture industrial components. The mechanical properties of engineering component are critical for various industrial applications. This study investigates the impact of additive manufacturing on fabrication, considering different process parameters. Standard specimens were fabricated for testing and analysis. The maximum experimentally determined tensile strength was 39.574 MPa, achieved at a layer height of 0.10 mm and an infill line orientation of 900. The influence of various process parameters on the tensile mechanical properties was statistically analyzed and optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA). The results show a significant improvement in optimised conditions. GA predicted a tensile strength of 40.045 MPa under optimized conditions, with a layer height of 0.102 mm and an infill line direction of 890. Experimental validation confirmed the GA’s prediction, yielding a tensile strength of  41.50 MPa for the optimized parameters. This represents a 4.86% improvement over the initial maximum tensile strength, with a prediction error of 3.50%. The results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the study for the selected application.

Keywords: Additive manufacturing, tensile mechanical strength, genetic algorithm.

[This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer and Composites (jopc)]

How to cite this article:
Manish Dixit, Pushpendra Yadav, Piyush Singhal. Impact of Layer Height and Infill Line Orientation On 3D Printed Components Produced Via Additive Manufacturing. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(03):315-323.
How to cite this URL:
Manish Dixit, Pushpendra Yadav, Piyush Singhal. Impact of Layer Height and Infill Line Orientation On 3D Printed Components Produced Via Additive Manufacturing. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(03):315-323. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2025/view=211132


Browse Figures

References

  1. Yadav DK, Srivastava R, Dev S. Design & fabrication of ABS part by FDM for automobile application. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2020 Jan 1; 26:2089-93.
  2. Dave HK, Patel BH, Rajpurohit SR, Prajapati AR, Nedelcu D. Effect of multi-infill patterns on tensile behavior of FDM printed parts. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering. 2021 Jan;43(1):23.
  3. Sood AK. Study on parametric optimization of fused deposition modelling (FDM) process (Doctoral dissertation).
  4. Tang L, Du YT. Experimental study on green electrical discharge machining in tap water of Ti–6Al–4V and parameters optimization. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2014 Jan;70:469-75.
  5. Dev S, Srivastava R. Effect of infill parameters on material sustainability and mechanical properties in fused deposition modelling process: a case study. Progress in Additive Manufacturing. 2021 Dec;6(4):631-42.
  6. Djokikj J, Tuteski O, Doncheva E, Hadjieva B. Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of FFF parts using different materials. Procedia Structural Integrity. 2022 Jan 1; 41:670-9.
  7. Nthaphan S, Trutassanawin W. Effects of process parameters on compressive property of FDM with ABS. Rapid Prototyping Journal. 2021 Jul 14;27(5):905-17.
  8. Yang L, Li S, Li Y, Yang M, Yuan Q. Experimental investigations for optimizing the extrusion parameters on FDM PLA printed parts. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 2019 Jan;28:169-82.
  9. Mendricky R, Fris D. Analysis of the accuracy and the surface roughness of fdm/fff technology and optimisation of process parameters. Tehnički vjesnik. 2020 Aug 15;27(4):1166-73.
  10. Yadav P, Sahai A, Sharma RS. Flexural strength and surface profiling of carbon-based PLA parts by additive manufacturing. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C. 2021 Aug;102(4):921-31.
  11. Yadav P, Sahai A, Sharma RS. Strength and surface characteristics of FDM-based 3D printed PLA parts for multiple infill design patterns. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C. 2021 Feb;102:197-207.
  12. Dev S, Srivastava R, Yadav P, Prakash S. Additive manufacturing. InSustainability, innovation and procurement 2019 Nov 7 (pp. 27-59). CRC Press.
  13. Raj A, Tyagi B, Sharma GS, Sahai A, Sharma RS. Optimizing the process parameters with statistical and soft computing techniques for enhanced mechanical properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene material samples fabricated via fused filament fabrication technique. Progress in Additive Manufacturing. 2024; (0123456789). DOI: 1007/s40964-024-00767-x.
  14. Raj A, Tyagi B, Goyal A, Sahai A, Sharma RS. Comparing the Predictability of Soft Computing and Statistical Techniques for the Prediction of Tensile Strength of Additively Manufactured Carbon Fiber Polylactic Acid Parts. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 2023 Oct. DOI: 1007/s11665-023-08844-y.
  15. Palanisamy S, Karuppiah G, Kumar P, Dharmalingam S, Mubarak S, Santulli C, Ayrilmis N, Karumuri S. Effect of Process Parameters and Material Selection on the Quality of 3D Printed Products by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM): A Review. Advances in Polymer Technology. 2024. DOI: 1155/adv/3480281.
  16. Kechagias JD, Ninikas K, Vakouftsi F, Fountas NA, Palanisamy S, Vaxevanidis NM. Optimization of laser beam parameters during processing of ASA 3D-printed plates. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2024;130:527–39. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-023-12711.
  17. Shrivastava P, Dhanola A, Gajrani KK, editors. Hybrid Metal Additive Manufacturing: Technology and Applications. 1st ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2023. DOI: 1201/9781003406488.
  18. Chohan JS, Kumar R, Yadav A, Chauhan P, Singh S, Sharma S, Li C, Dwivedi SP, Rajkumar S. Optimization of FDM printing process parameters on surface finish, thickness, and outer dimension with ABS polymer specimens using Taguchi orthogonal array and genetic algorithms. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2022; 2022(1):2698845.
  19. Sheoran AJ, Kumar H. Fused Deposition modeling process parameters optimization and effect on mechanical properties and part quality: Review and reflection on present research. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2020 Jan 1; 21:1659-72.
Special Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 13
Special Issue 03
Received 12/11/2024
Accepted 02/04/2025
Published 24/04/2025
Publication Time 163 Days
244

Login


My IP

PlumX Metrics