Technical Advances in Drone Applications for Environmental Surveillance

Year : 2025 | Volume : 01 | Issue : 02 | Page : 14 20
    By

    Sai Preetham Anumasu,

  1. Research Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vaagdevi Engineering College, Warangal, Telangana, India

Abstract

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, have rapidly evolved into essential tools for environmental monitoring and conservation due to their advanced sensor integration, real-time data acquisition, and autonomous operational capabilities. This review explores the multidisciplinary convergence of drone technologies with environmental science, emphasizing the technical and engineering aspects that drive these applications. The study outlines key UAV system components—including multispectral and hyperspectral imaging, LiDAR, thermal sensing, and real-time GPS-AI integration—highlighting their roles in precision data collection for vegetation analysis, wildlife tracking, coastal mapping, and pollution detection. Special attention is given to UAV platform selection, sensor payload optimization, flight programming, and real-time data transmission, which are critical to performance in varied terrains and ecological conditions The review also examines how AI-driven object detection, automated anomaly tracking, and data fusion from UAVs enhance large-scale ecological monitoring and conservation decision-making. Global case studies underscore the operational effectiveness of drone systems in complex field environments, such as rainforests, marine ecosystems, and disaster zones. Key challenges—including regulatory restrictions, limited endurance, and data processing overhead—are evaluated alongside emerging innovations such as solar-powered UAVs, drone swarms, and cloud-linked real-time decision networks This paper aims to provide drone engineers, system integrators, and environmental technologists with a technical roadmap for deploying UAVs in field-ready, mission-specific environmental applications, reinforcing their role as a transformative force in next-generation ecological surveillance.

Keywords: UAVs, drones, environmental monitoring, conservation, wildlife surveillance, remote sensing, ecosystem management, drone technology

[This article belongs to International Journal on Drones ]

How to cite this article:
Sai Preetham Anumasu. Technical Advances in Drone Applications for Environmental Surveillance. International Journal on Drones. 2025; 01(02):14-20.
How to cite this URL:
Sai Preetham Anumasu. Technical Advances in Drone Applications for Environmental Surveillance. International Journal on Drones. 2025; 01(02):14-20. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijd/article=2025/view=230377


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 01
Issue 02
Received 20/05/2025
Accepted 25/10/2025
Published 30/10/2025
Publication Time 163 Days
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