Role of Inflammatory Markers and Lipid Abnormalities in Glycemic Dysregulation Among Type 2 Diabetics

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This is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.

Year : 2025 | Volume : 02 | Issue : 02 | Page :
    By

    Atul Khajuria,

  • Gagandeep Singh,

  1. Director, Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Amloh, Punjab, India
  2. Assistant Professor, Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Amloh, Punjab, India

Abstract

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by systemic inflammation and associated with various complications in multiple organs. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) specifically involves insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and inflammatory responses. This study investigates the levels of various inflammatory markers and their correlation with glycaemic control in T2DM patients.

Objective:
To evaluate the levels of inflammatory markers (including NLR, PLR, SII, SIRI, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, MCP-1, IL-4, IL-10, and ESR), lipid profile (including triglycerides), and HbA1c in T2DM patients, and examine their correlation with fasting blood sugar (FBS) and HbA1c.

Methods:
This cohort study was conducted over 8 months, from September 1, 2024, to February 28, 2025, involving 930 participants: 465 T2DM patients and 465 non-diabetic controls. The study was conducted in collaboration with leading clinical laboratories in and around Chandigarh. Blood samples were analyzed for inflammatory markers, lipid profile, and HbA1c levels. Correlations between these parameters and FBS/HbA1c were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation, and multiple regression analysis was performed to identify predictive markers for metabolic control.

Results:
Significant increases in inflammatory markers (NLR, PLR, SII, SIRI, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β) and lipid profile abnormalities (including elevated triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C) were observed in T2DM patients compared to non-diabetic controls. Positive correlations were found between these inflammatory markers, lipid levels, and both FBS and HbA1c. Regression analysis revealed that inflammatory markers, particularly NLR, CRP, and triglycerides, were significant predictors of poor metabolic control in T2DM patients.

Conclusion:
The study demonstrates a significant association between elevated inflammatory markers, lipid abnormalities, and poor glycaemic control in T2DM patients. These findings suggest that these markers can serve as cost-effective tools for monitoring systemic inflammation and metabolic control, aiding in early detection and management of T2DM.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Inflammatory Markers, Lipid Profile, HbA1c, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Triglycerides, C-reactive Protein, Interleukins

[This article belongs to Emerging Trends in Metabolites ]

How to cite this article:
Atul Khajuria, Gagandeep Singh. Role of Inflammatory Markers and Lipid Abnormalities in Glycemic Dysregulation Among Type 2 Diabetics. Emerging Trends in Metabolites. 2025; 02(02):-.
How to cite this URL:
Atul Khajuria, Gagandeep Singh. Role of Inflammatory Markers and Lipid Abnormalities in Glycemic Dysregulation Among Type 2 Diabetics. Emerging Trends in Metabolites. 2025; 02(02):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/etm/article=2025/view=217528


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Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 02
Issue 02
Received 25/03/2025
Accepted 18/07/2025
Published 24/07/2025
Publication Time 121 Days
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