Associations of C-RP with Renal Function Group and some Clinical Parameters in Patients with Dialysis in Iraq

Notice

This is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.

Year : 2026 | Volume : 4 | 01 | Page :
    By

    Eatmad Abed Ali Alshawi,

  • Ziena Mohammad Hatem,

  • Athraa Adnan Mahdi,

  1. , Department of Medical Laboratory Technologies, Kufa Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University,, Najaf, Iraq.
  2. , Department of Community Health College of Health and Medical Techniques/Kufa, 31003 Al-Kufa, Iraq
  3. , Kufa, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University,, Al- kufa, Iraq

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a disease for which there are high mortality rates among those infected with many complications, including high rates of inflammation, anaemia, osteoporosis, and other complications. Methods: The current study was designed to evaluate the kidney functions of patients undergoing
dialysis, where levels were evaluated Urea, Uric Acid, and Creatinine, in addition to C-Reactive Protein as a progressive of inflammation parameter, and to evaluate anaemia levels in patients. This study will be conducted in the Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, and the Specialized Centre for Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, Sadr Medical City, Najaf Governorate. Results: A total of 39 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing maintenance haemodialysis who were admitted to the hospital from March 2022 to January 2022 were selected as subjects. All parameters CRPmg/LS.cr μmol/L, S. urea(mmol/L), S.Uric acid(mg/dl), Albumin(g/dl), Haemoglobin(g/L), iron μmol/L, RBCs, WBCs p-value ˂0.05 between case-control study are Statistically significant. Conclusion: High inflammatory rates and increased anaemia are among the most important signs accompanying chronic kidney failure and those undergoing dialysis. High inflammatory rates and high urea and creatinine are among the causes of future complications in patients, which are the main cause of death.

Keywords: CRF; C-reactive protein; dialysis; Uric acid; Urea; Creatinine iron.

How to cite this article:
Eatmad Abed Ali Alshawi, Ziena Mohammad Hatem, Athraa Adnan Mahdi. Associations of C-RP with Renal Function Group and some Clinical Parameters in Patients with Dialysis in Iraq. International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecule Research. 2026; 04(01):-.
How to cite this URL:
Eatmad Abed Ali Alshawi, Ziena Mohammad Hatem, Athraa Adnan Mahdi. Associations of C-RP with Renal Function Group and some Clinical Parameters in Patients with Dialysis in Iraq. International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecule Research. 2026; 04(01):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijbbr/article=2026/view=239235


References

  1. Vadakedath, S., K., V,. Dialysis: a review of the mechanisms underlying complications in the
    1. management of chronic renal failure. Cureus; 2017, 9(8).‏
  2. White, S. L., et al. Chronic kidney disease in the general population. Advances in chronic kidney disease; 2005, Jun,12(1), 5-13.‏
  3. Taher, Taqi Mohammed Jwad, et al. Knowledge and awareness on cardiovascular diseases among the Iraqi population. Int. res. j. sci. technol; 2021,1(2),1-11.‏
  4. Mrzah, M. Trends in incidence, prevalence, and mortality of non-communicable diseases in Iraq (2003–2021). BMC public health; 2025,25(1),374.‏
  5. Al-Ibrahimy, A. S., Al-Tukmagi H.F. Assessing Quality of Life Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension or Both Diseases in Al-Najaf Province/Iraq.” Iraqi J Pharm Sci;2017, 25:29-40.‏
  6. Ashour H.J., Spatial distribution of kidney failure patients in all of Iraq during the year 2022 and
    1. the first half of 2023. House of Representatives Parliamentary Research and Studies Department Research Section; 2024.
  7. Sharif, Dana A., et al. Demographic and characteristic distribution of end-stage renal failure in
  8. Sulaimani Governate, Kurdistan region, Iraq.” Int J Med Res Prof. 2017;3(1):7-13.‏ Mohammad k., T., H.Q., S.N. Studies on bacteriological and biochemical tests of urinary tract infections in some Iraqi patients undergoing hemodialysis due to renal failure and chronic kidney diseases. Iraqi National Journal of Chemistry, 2018; 18(3).‏
  9. Chen, Xinpan, et al. Lymphocyte-to-C reactive protein ratio as novel inflammatory marker for predicting outcomes in hemodialysis patients: a multicenter observational study. Frontiers in Immunology. 2023; 14, 1101222.‏
  10. Sasaki, Keyaki, et al. Oxidative stress and inflammation as predictors of mortality and
  11. cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients: the DREAM cohort.” Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. 2021; 28(3), 249-260.‏
  12. Abdel-Messeih, P. L., et al. Inflammatory markers in end-stage renal disease patients on haemodialysis. Journal of medical biochemistry . 2020; 39(4), 481.
  13. ‏Gregg, L. P., et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of depression and protein–energy wasting in kidney disease. Kidney international reports. 2020, 5(3), 318-330.‏
  14. Karaboyas, A., et al. Inflammation and erythropoiesis-stimulating agent response in
  15. hemodialysis patients: a self-matched longitudinal study of anemia management in the dialysis outcomes and practice patterns study (DOPPS). Kidney medicine. 2020; 2(3), 286-296.‏
  16. Faria, M., M. N. P. Challenges of reducing protein-bound uremic toxin levels in chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. 2021; 22(9),115-134.‏‏
  17. Genovesi, S., et al. Sudden cardiac death in dialysis patients. different causes and management strategies. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2021; 36(3), 396-405.‏‏
  18. Azoulay, Elie, et al. Diagnosis of severe respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients.”Intensive care medicine; 2020,46, 298-314.‏‏
  19. Kallenbach, Judith Z. Review of Hemodialysis for Nurses and Dialysis Personnel-E-Book: Review of Hemodialysis for Nurses and Dialysis Personnel-E-Book; 2020.‏
  20. Chen, L. Role of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) as a Predictive Marker of Anastomotic Leak in Colorectal Surgery: Is it Still Reliable.” J Gastro Hepato; 2023,9(20), 1-6.‏
  21. Marwa Ahmed Meri. Effects of Chronic Inflammation Related to Obesity on Liver Function and Biochemical Markers in Adult Males., Al-Harf Journal., No. 25., Vol. 1, February 2026
  22. Emran Hossain, Shilpi Islam. Temporal Shifts in Forage Quality: Stage of Maturity, Biomass
  23. Yield, Performance Matrix, and Ecosystem Responses. International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecule Research. 2025; 04(01)
  24. Kushner, I., A. M. The acute phase response: an overview. Acute Phase Proteins Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, and Clinical Applications. crc Press;2020. 3-19.‏
  25. Moon, J. J., et al. Association of hypoalbuminemia with short-term and long-term mortality in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy. Kidney Research and Clinical Practice; 2020,39(1), 47.‏
  26. W, C. J. Hypoalbuminemia as surrogate and culprit of infections.” International journal of molecular sciences; 2021, 22(9),4496.‏
  27. Allison, S. P., Dileep N. L. The clinical significance of hypoalbuminaemia. Clinical Nutrition; 2024 43(4),909-914.‏
  28. Qin, Aiya, et al. Normalized protein catabolic rate is a superior nutritional marker associated with dialysis adequacy in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Frontiers in Medicine; 2021, 7(6), 3725.‏‏
  29. Xie, Y., et al. Association of albumin to non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients. Renal Failure; 2024, 46(1), 2299601.‏
  30. Silvariño, R., et al. World Kidney Day 2024: promoting equitable access to health care and optimal medication.
  31. Rahiq Mahmoud Shaker ,Najlaa Abdullah AL-Oqaili. Investigation of Urease Enzyme Genes and
  32. YihY Protein in Kocuria rosea Isolated from Patients’ Dental Caries., Al-Harf Journal., No. 25., Vol. 1, February 2026
  33. Mora-B., F. G., et al. “Blood pressure control with active ultrafiltration measures and without the use of antihypertensives is essential for survival in patients with CKD in hemodiafiltration and hemodialysis programs. A prospective multicenter observational study; 2024.
  34. Shahbaz, Hassan, Preeti Rout, and Mohit Gupta. “Creatinine clearance. StatPearls;2024.‏
  35. Wulff, Heike, et al. Clinical pharmacist service promotes the improvement of medical quality;
    1. 2024,6.‏
  36. Barre, A., et al. Assessment and Laboratory Screening Test of Abnormal Blood Creatinine Level among Hypertensive Patient Attending at Some Selected Hospitals in Mogadishu Somalia. Mathews Journal of Case Reports; 2024 9 (2), 1-10.‏
  37. Bilaro, E., et al. Malaria acute kidney injury: Case report from Tumbi regional referral hospital in
  38. Tanzania. J Clin Images Med Case Rep; 2024, 5(5), 3085.‏
  39. I Kareem Mahdi, B Jabar Hussein ,A Fatek Tmkin. (2025). The effect of some Variables on Asthmatic Patients with Different Age and Compere with Control Group., Al-Harf Journal., No.24 ., Vol. 3, August 2025
  40. , A., et al. The Interplay of Microbiome Dysbiosis and Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiology in Review; 2024, 10-1097.‏‏
  41. Li, Na, et al. The combination of high uric acid and high C-reactive protein increased the risk of Cardiovascular Disease: a 15-year prospective cohort study.” Nutrition, Metabolism and
    1. Cardiovascular Diseases; 2024, 34(6), 1508-1517.‏‏
  42. Jung, Su Woong, et al. Uric acid and inflammation in kidney disease. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology; 2020 318(.6),1327-1340.‏
  43. Fernández-R., Ana M., et al. Diagnosis of iron deficiency in chronic renal failure. American journal of kidney diseases; 1999, 34(3), 508-513.‏
  44. Kovedy, C. P., et al. Prevalence of anaemia in adults with chronic kidney disease in a representative sample of the United States population: analysis of the 1999–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Clinical Kidney Journal; 2023, 16(2),303-311.‏.
  45. Filiopoulos, V., D. V. Inflammatory syndrome in chronic kidney disease: pathogenesis and influence on outcomes. Inflammation &Allergy-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Inflammation & Allergy)(Discontinued); 2009, 8(5), 369-382.‏‏
Ahead of Print Subscription Original Research
Volume 04
01
Received 07/03/2026
Accepted 16/03/2026
Published 31/03/2026
Publication Time 24 Days
6

Login


My IP

PlumX Metrics