Sayan Munshi,
Devesh Mani Tripathi,
Abstract
In contemporary times, the Greenhouse Effect has emerged as a paramount concern in urban areas. With India undergoing rapid urbanization, cities are witnessing soaring temperatures. Greenhouse gas emissions are one of the main causes of the Greenhouse Effect. India stands among the highest emitters of GHGs, primarily stemming from the energy sector, particularly in electricity generation. The period from 2005 to 2018 saw a noteworthy surge in India’s emissions, largely due to coal-based power production. While India’s per capita GHG emissions remain relatively low, the increase in these gases exerts detrimental effects on global temperatures, underscoring the need for localized interventions to drive large-scale change. A study conducted in Lucknow, Prayagraj (Allahabad), and Varanasi scrutinized various determinants influencing GHG emissions. The analysis includes factors such as road network, vehicle count, transportation hubs, and green spaces. Significant correlations between these variables and GHG emissions were discovered through the use of a multilinear regression model. Additionally, coefficient analysis and assessment of variance inflation factors further substantiated the validity of the model. This paper focuses on emphasizing the collective effort required to achieve a low-carbon cities and prioritizing proper mixed use development.
Keywords: Urban planning, mixed-use development, mobility planning
[This article belongs to Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications ]
Sayan Munshi, Devesh Mani Tripathi. Micro Level Mobility Intervention in Urban Spatial Structure in Reducing GHG Emissions: A Case of The City of Lucknow, Prayagraj and Varanasi. Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications. 2025; 12(03):25-33.
Sayan Munshi, Devesh Mani Tripathi. Micro Level Mobility Intervention in Urban Spatial Structure in Reducing GHG Emissions: A Case of The City of Lucknow, Prayagraj and Varanasi. Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications. 2025; 12(03):25-33. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ttea/article=2025/view=233373
References
- GHG Platform India. (2022). Trend Analysis of GHG Emissions of Uttar Pradesh & Per Capita Emissions Report. New Delhi: GHG Platform India.
- (2023). Activity Data & Emission Factors. Retrieved from https://dataportalforcities.org
- (2022). Sixth Assessment Report – Mitigation of Climate Change (WGIII). https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/
- Hong Shunfa, E. C.-M. (2022). Relationship between urban spatial structure and carbon emissions: A literature review. Ecological Indicators.
- United Nations. (2022). UN Emissions Gap Report. United Nations Environment Programme.
- (2021). The Future of Urban Mobility. International Energy Agency. https://www.iea.org/reports/the-future-of-urban-mobility
- Ewing, R., & Cervero, R. (2010). Travel and the Built Environment: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American Planning Association, 76(3), 265–294.
- Newman, P., & Kenworthy, J. (1999). Sustainability and Cities: Overcoming Automobile Dependence. Island Press.
- Bertolini, L., & le Clercq, F. (2003). Urban Development without More Mobility by Car? Lessons from Amsterdam. Environment and Planning A, 35(4), 575–589.
- Singh, S. K., & Singh, R. (2012). Urban Transport in India: Issues, Challenges, and the Way Forward. European Transport, 52, 1–12.
- Authority, P. D. (2023). Prayagraj Master Plan 2031. Prayagraj Development Authority.
- Varanasi Development Authority. (2022). Development Vision of Varanasi (MDP 2031).
- André Luiz Lopes Toledo, E. L. (2018). Urban Mobility and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Status, Public Policies, and Scenarios in a Developing Economy City, Natal, Brazil. Sustainability, 10(10), 3731.
- Atkins, K. G. (n.d.). Analysis of Town Center Mixed-Use Developments to Determine Key Retailer Success Factors. Master’s Thesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
- (2020). Low Carbon Transport in India: Pathways and Policies. The Energy and Resources Institute.
- (2021). India Smart Cities Mission – Urban Mobility Strategy. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India.
- (2022). Urban Mobility India Conference Compendium. National Institute of Urban Affairs.
- Creutzig, F., et al. (2015). Transport: A Roadblock to Climate Change Mitigation? Science, 350(6263), 911–912.
- Kumar, A. S. (2019). Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Emission from Vehicles in Lucknow. Presented at ICRACEID 2019, Nagpur, India.
- Munshi, S., Tripathi, D. M., Banerjee, S., & Chakraborty, I. (2024). Analysis of Green Cover through Canal Revitalization and Urban Sustainability: A Quantitative Analysis of Urban Canal Development in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 11(7). https://www.irjet.net
- Lucknow, T. (2020). Development Vision of Lucknow City 2031. Lucknow Development Authority.
- Parivahan Vahan Portal. (2023). Vehicle Registration Data. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, India. https://parivahan.gov.in

Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 03 |
| Received | 15/07/2025 |
| Accepted | 22/08/2025 |
| Published | 30/08/2025 |
| Publication Time | 46 Days |
Login
PlumX Metrics