The Evolution of Ion Propulsion Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Technologies and Applications

Year : 2025 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 01 | Page : 16 22
    By

    Ryan Nadar,

  • Shiva Prasad,

  1. Student, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Ajeenkya DY Patil University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  2. Professor, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Ajeenkya DY Patil University, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Field-Emission Electric Propulsion (FEEP) represents a cutting-edge advancement in electric propulsion systems, leveraging the principle of ion emission through intense electric fields to generate precise and efficient thrust for spacecraft. This study explores the working mechanisms, performance characteristics, and applications of FEEP thrusters in the context of modern space exploration. FEEP systems utilize liquid metals, such as cesium or indium, as propellants, which are ionized at the emitter tip and accelerated by an electric field to generate thrust. The ultra-low thrust levels, high specific impulse (10,000–100,000 s), and minimal propellant consumption make FEEP an ideal solution for fine attitude control, station-keeping, and precision manoeuvres for small satellites and interplanetary missions. A revolutionary development in space exploration, ion propulsion technology allows for longer and more effective spaceship missions. Ion thrusters, in contrast to traditional chemical propulsion, use electrically charged particles to produce thrust with unmatched efficiency. This study examines the latest developments in ion propulsion technology, as well as its wide range of uses and importance in contemporary space missions. Performance-enhancing advancements in materials engineering, power management, and ion thruster design are highlighted. The study also explores how ion propulsion might affect satellite operations and interplanetary travel in the future.

Keywords: FEEP, space exploration, ion thruster, propulsion, satellite operations

[This article belongs to Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics ]

How to cite this article:
Ryan Nadar, Shiva Prasad. The Evolution of Ion Propulsion Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Technologies and Applications. Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics. 2025; 12(01):16-22.
How to cite this URL:
Ryan Nadar, Shiva Prasad. The Evolution of Ion Propulsion Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Technologies and Applications. Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics. 2025; 12(01):16-22. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rtfm/article=2025/view=194223


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 12
Issue 01
Received 04/01/2025
Accepted 07/01/2025
Published 15/01/2025
Publication Time 11 Days
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