Association of Metabolic Syndrome with Cholelithiasis in Female Patients and Its Impact on Clinical Management and Surgical Outcome

Year : 2025 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 03 | Page : 1 7
    By

    Yassir Mehmood,

  • Umbreen Nazir,

  1. Senior Resident, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College, Jammu, India
  2. Senior Resident, Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Jammu, India

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, which may predispose to gallstone formation. This study aimed to evaluate the association between MetS and cholelithiasis in female patients and to assess its impact on clinical presentation, surgical difficulty, and postoperative outcomes. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 88 female patients with ultrasonography-confirmed cholelithiasis. Patients were divided into two groups: MetS (n=44) and non-MetS (n=44). Demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, imaging, operative details, and postoperative outcomes were compared between groups. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Patients with MetS had higher BMI (32.1 ± 4.5 vs 28.4 ± 3.9 kg/m²) and waist circumference (94.5 ± 8.2 vs 80.3 ± 7.1 cm) compared to non-MetS patients. Hypertension (68% vs 45%) and diabetes (61% vs 28%) were more prevalent in MetS patients. Laboratory findings revealed higher total cholesterol (220 ± 45 vs 190 ± 40 mg/dL) and triglycerides (180 ± 60 vs 140 ± 50 mg/dL), lower HDL-C (40 ± 10 vs 50 ± 12 mg/dL), increased gallbladder wall thickness (4.5 ± 1.2 vs 3.8 ± 1.0 mm), and larger stone size (12.3 ± 3.5 vs 10.1 ± 2.8 mm) in the MetS group. Operative time was longer in MetS patients (75 ± 15 vs 65 ± 12 min), with increased intraoperative difficulty (25% vs 15%) and slightly higher conversion rates to open surgery (10% vs 5%). Postoperative complications, including surgical site infection (12% vs 8%) and longer hospital stay (4.5 ± 1.2 vs 3.8 ± 1.0 days), were more common in MetS patients. Conclusion: MetS is associated with increased operative difficulty, longer surgery duration, and higher postoperative complication rates in female patients with cholelithiasis. Preoperative identification and optimization of metabolic abnormalities may improve perioperative outcomes and reduce surgical risk.

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome; Cholelithiasis; Female patients; Surgical outcomes; Postoperative complications

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery ]

How to cite this article:
Yassir Mehmood, Umbreen Nazir. Association of Metabolic Syndrome with Cholelithiasis in Female Patients and Its Impact on Clinical Management and Surgical Outcome. Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery. 2025; 14(03):1-7.
How to cite this URL:
Yassir Mehmood, Umbreen Nazir. Association of Metabolic Syndrome with Cholelithiasis in Female Patients and Its Impact on Clinical Management and Surgical Outcome. Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery. 2025; 14(03):1-7. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjos/article=2025/view=229142


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Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 14
Issue 03
Received 30/09/2025
Accepted 01/10/2025
Published 05/10/2025
Publication Time 5 Days
150

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