Monoclonal antibodies in targeted cancer therapy advances, resistance mechanisms, and next-gen formats (Bispesifics, ADCs)

Year : 2026 | Volume : 17 | 02 | Page :
    By

    Aayush K. Ramraje,

  • Bhupendra M. Mahale,

  • Akshata M. Girase,

  • Ghanshyam M. Chavan,

  1. Research Scholar, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University Lonere, Raigad, Maharashtra, India
  2. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics P.S.G.V.P. Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Shahada, Dist. Nandurbar Affiliated with KBCNMU Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere, Raigad, Maharashtra, India
  4. Principal, SVS’s Dadasaheb Rawal Pharmacy College Mandal – Dondaicha, 425408, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and death worldwide, which emphasizes the need for more effective and focused treatment strategies. antibody-mediated drug delivery techniques. Specifically, antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a potential approach that combines the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the potent cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs. By selectively targeting tumor-associated antigens, ADCs enhance drug accumulation within cancer cells while minimizing systemic toxicity associated with conventional chemotherapy. This review discusses the fundamental principles of antibody-mediated drug delivery, including the roles of monoclonal antibodies, linkers, and cytotoxic payloads in ADC design. Various classes of cleavable and non-cleavable linkers, mechanisms of drug release, and advancements in conjugation technologies are examined. The article further explores the mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and evolutionary development of ADCs from first- to third-generation platforms, with particular emphasis on breast cancer treatment. Additionally featured are new developments like immune-stimulating conjugates, dual-payload ADCs, and bispecific ADCs. Despite significant clinical success, challenges including complex pharmacokinetics, limited tumor penetration, payload release efficiency, and drug resistance continue to hinder optimal therapeutic outcomes. Future advancements in antibody engineering, linker chemistry, payload development, and personalized medicine are expected to further improve the safety, efficacy, and clinical utility of ADCs. Overall, antibody-mediated drug delivery represents a transformative strategy in precision oncology, offering substantial potential for improving cancer treatment and patient outcomes.

Keywords: Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADCs); Monoclonal Antibodies; Breast Cancer; Targeted Drug Delivery; Linkers; Cytotoxic Payloads; Precision Oncology; HER2; Antibody-Mediated Therapy; Cancer Treatment.

How to cite this article:
Aayush K. Ramraje, Bhupendra M. Mahale, Akshata M. Girase, Ghanshyam M. Chavan. Monoclonal antibodies in targeted cancer therapy advances, resistance mechanisms, and next-gen formats (Bispesifics, ADCs). Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 2026; 17(02):-.
How to cite this URL:
Aayush K. Ramraje, Bhupendra M. Mahale, Akshata M. Girase, Ghanshyam M. Chavan. Monoclonal antibodies in targeted cancer therapy advances, resistance mechanisms, and next-gen formats (Bispesifics, ADCs). Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 2026; 17(02):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjops/article=2026/view=247255


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Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume 17
02
Received 15/06/2026
Accepted 20/06/2026
Published 21/06/2026
Publication Time 6 Days
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