EGOP, Samuel Ezekiel,
- Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract
This paper explores the motion of a particle in space using the cylindrical polar coordinate system. It presents the physics of particle motion by defining spatial positions in three-dimensional polar coordinates and examining the particle’s kinematics—namely its position, velocity, and acceleration—in vector form. These quantities are mathematically expressed as functions of time, accounting for the changing coordinates in radial, angular, and vertical directions. This coordinate system proves especially useful for analyzing systems with rotational symmetry, where Cartesian coordinates may become cumbersome or less intuitive.Cylindrical polar coordinates, consisting of the radial distance rrr, angular position θthetaθ, and vertical height zzz, provide a framework that simplifies the modeling of a wide range of physical systems. The derivation of velocity and acceleration vectors in this system requires the use of time-dependent unit vectors, which rotate as the particle moves, thus introducing non-trivial terms in the expressions for kinematic quantities.Applications of this concept span various fields of engineering and technology. In mechanical and structural engineering, it is used to analyze rotating machinery, turbine systems, and load distributions in cylindrical objects. In mechatronics and robotics, cylindrical coordinate modeling is essential for trajectory planning, motion control, and autonomous navigation, especially for robotic arms or mobile robots operating in environments where rotational motion is inherent. Moreover, this framework supports industrial automation systems, sensor-based monitoring and detection, and plays a significant role in integrating artificial intelligence with robotic perception and decision-making processes
Keywords: Kinematics, motion, mathematical modelling, vector notation, trajectory analysis, velocity, acceleration
[This article belongs to Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics ]
EGOP, Samuel Ezekiel. Kinematic Relations of Particle Motion using Polar Cylindrical Coordinates System: Applications in Robotics and AI. Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics. 2025; 14(01):12-16.
EGOP, Samuel Ezekiel. Kinematic Relations of Particle Motion using Polar Cylindrical Coordinates System: Applications in Robotics and AI. Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics. 2025; 14(01):12-16. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjophy/article=2025/view=207226
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Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue | 01 |
| Received | 31/01/2025 |
| Accepted | 02/03/2025 |
| Published | 14/04/2025 |
| Publication Time | 73 Days |
