Association between Diabetes Type and Family History of Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Gender Differences and Genetic Influences

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 03 | Page : 43 50
    By

    Eric Kwasi elliason,

  • Atul Khajuria,

  • Stephen Monday,

  • J. Samuel Kamanda,

  • Gagandeep Singh,

  1. Teaching Assistant, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Punjab, India
  2. Director, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Punjab, India
  3. Teaching Assistant, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Punjab, India
  4. Teaching Assistant, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Punjab, India
  5. Assistant Professor, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Punjab, India

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus DM is one of the fast-growing chronic metabolic disorder in the world, with high impact and burden in low- and middle-income country. Although genetic predisposition is a central determinant of diabetes risk, particularly for Type 2 diabetes (T2D), the contribution of familial aggregation varies across populations. In many parts of the world where diabetes is rising very fast understanding the relationship between diabetes type and family history can guide appropriate prevention and interventions. Methods: A total of 1,500 cases of diabetes were included in this cross-sectional study, recruited from hospitals and diabetes care centers in Northern India. Participants of different age groups, male and female genders, and socio-economic backgrounds were effectively acquired from stratified random sampling. Structured questionnaire was used for collection of data which included demographic data, duration of diabetes and family history of diabetes. Type -633-80 test and 1254-80 model 167-203 — family history were analyzed using a chi-square test of independence to assess the association between diabetes. Results: Among the study participants, 44.9% confirmed family history of diabetes in their family while55.1% were without a family history of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes was more common (45.1%) than Type 1 diabetes (42.2%), with differences between sexes. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test revealed that family history was significantly associated with diabetes type (χ² = 92.824, df = 2, p < 0.001), where those with a family history were more often classified as having a Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes than those without. Also, 12.7% were not sure what type of diabetes they had and this uncertainty was more common among females. Take-home: The data demonstrates a significant genetic component to diabetes risk, underscoring the importance of early screening and preventive efforts in those with a family history of diabetes. Conclusion: Gender Differences in Diabetes Knowledge and Diagnostic Reflection and Pursuit of Diagnosis Identify the Need for Gender Sensitive Health Education Strategies Such data can help to inform future genetically informed diabetes prevention programs; future studies should therefore consider an interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Family history, Genetic predisposition, North India, Public health, Diabetes awareness.

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology ]

How to cite this article:
Eric Kwasi elliason, Atul Khajuria, Stephen Monday, J. Samuel Kamanda, Gagandeep Singh. Association between Diabetes Type and Family History of Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Gender Differences and Genetic Influences. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2025; 15(03):43-50.
How to cite this URL:
Eric Kwasi elliason, Atul Khajuria, Stephen Monday, J. Samuel Kamanda, Gagandeep Singh. Association between Diabetes Type and Family History of Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Gender Differences and Genetic Influences. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2025; 15(03):43-50. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjop/article=2025/view=227039


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 15
Issue 03
Received 01/04/2025
Accepted 12/07/2025
Published 13/09/2025
Publication Time 165 Days
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