Pharmacogenomics in Anesthesia: Case Studies and Clinical Applications for Personalized Care

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 02 | Page : 85 91
By

Tehseen Irshad,

Bilal,

Sowby Jan,

  1. Assistant Professor, St.Soldier Group of Institutions, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
  2. Anaesthesiologist, GMC Baramullah, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
  3. Assistant Professor, St.Soldier Group of Institutions, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

Abstract

Pharmacogenomics, the study of how genetic variability influences individual responses to medications, is transforming anesthetic practice by enabling personalized care. This case study collection explores the integration of pharmacogenomic insights into anesthesia management, highlighting its impact on safety, efficacy, and patient outcomes. Adverse reactions to anesthetics often arise from genetic polymorphisms that alter drug metabolism or sensitivity. For instance, patients with RYR1 mutations are susceptible to malignant hyperthermia (MH) when exposed to volatile anesthetics like isoflurane. Case studies demonstrate how rapid intervention with dantrolene can mitigate life-threatening crises. Similarly, genetic variations in GABRG2 and CYP2D6 influence recovery times and opioid metabolism, requiring tailored anesthetic regimens. Detailed analyses of personalized approaches further underscore the value of pharmacogenomics. Adjusted propofol dosing based on UGT1A9 polymorphisms prevented prolonged sedation in a high-risk patient, while selecting alternative opioids, like hydromorphone, for a CYP2D6 poor metabolizer enhanced pain control without side effects. The use of rocuronium instead of succinylcholine for a patient with BCHE gene variants averted prolonged paralysis, showcasing precision in neuromuscular blockade management. Beyond drug selection, pharmacogenomic data guided antiemetic therapy, reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients with HTR3A polymorphisms. By tailoring interventions to individual genetic profiles, anesthesiologists ensured improved patient comfort and satisfaction. This collection also includes appendices on genetic testing workflows, dosing guidelines, and ethical considerations, providing a comprehensive framework for integrating pharmacogenomics into clinical practice.

Keywords: Pharmacogenomics, personalized anesthesia, genetic polymorphisms, adverse reactions, precision medicine

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology ]

How to cite this article: Tehseen Irshad, Bilal, Sowby Jan. Pharmacogenomics in Anesthesia: Case Studies and Clinical Applications for Personalized Care. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2025; 15(02):85-91.
How to cite this URL: Tehseen Irshad, Bilal, Sowby Jan. Pharmacogenomics in Anesthesia: Case Studies and Clinical Applications for Personalized Care. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2025; 15(02):85-91. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjop/article=2025/view=208614

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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 15
Issue 02
Received 06/02/2025
Accepted 04/03/2025
Published 23/04/2025
Publication Time 76 Days

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