Risk Factors Associated with Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows: Implications for Microbial Dynamics, Environmental Influences, and Management Factors

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 02 | Page : 46-62
    By

    Md. Emran Hossain,

  • Shilpi Islam,

  1. Professor, Professor, Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, , Bangladesh
  2. Professor, Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706, , Bangladesh

Abstract

Subclinical mastitis is a prevalent yet often overlooked condition in dairy cows, leading to reduced milk yield and quality. This study examines the microbial dynamics, environmental influences, and management factors contributing to subclinical mastitis in dairy herds. Microbial agents, including bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus uberis, are key contributors, with their ability to persist and form biofilms complicating detection and treatment. Environmental factors, including bedding quality, sanitation, and exposure to pathogens in manure, water, and feed, significantly influence the incidence and severity of mastitis. Additionally, management practices, such as milking hygiene, regular monitoring of udder health, and the use of dry cow therapy, play critical roles in preventing and mitigating subclinical mastitis. The interaction between these factors can exacerbate the condition, making it difficult to control in dairy operations. Effective management strategies must therefore focus on a holistic approach, addressing microbial control, environmental sanitation, and proper milking techniques. This review highlights the need for integrated management practices to mitigate the risk of subclinical mastitis, improving herd health, milk production, and overall farm profitability. Future research should focus on advancing diagnostic methods and developing targeted interventions to address this complex issue.

Keywords: Dairy cows, environmental factors, microbial dynamics, mastitis, management practices, milk yield, somatic cell count, udder health

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology ]

How to cite this article:
Md. Emran Hossain, Shilpi Islam. Risk Factors Associated with Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows: Implications for Microbial Dynamics, Environmental Influences, and Management Factors. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology. 2025; 15(02):46-62.
How to cite this URL:
Md. Emran Hossain, Shilpi Islam. Risk Factors Associated with Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows: Implications for Microbial Dynamics, Environmental Influences, and Management Factors. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology. 2025; 15(02):46-62. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjomv/article=2025/view=202402


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 15
Issue 02
Received 05/02/2025
Accepted 22/02/2025
Published 28/02/2025
Publication Time 23 Days
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