Host-Microbiota Crosstalk in the Rumen: Signaling Pathways for Nutrient Metabolism and Disease Resilience in Dairy Cows

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 01 | Page : 29 41
    By

    Emran Hossain,

  • Shilpi Islam,

  1. Professor, Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, , Bangladesh
  2. Professor, Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706, , Bangladesh

Abstract

The rumen serves as a highly intricate microbial ecosystem, fundamentally responsible for the degradation of fibrous plant materials in ruminant. The intricate host-microbiota crosstalk within the rumen significantly influences nutrient metabolism, growth, and health outcomes in livestock. The interaction between the host and its microbial community, mediated through signaling pathways including the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids, and various metabolites, is crucial for enhancing nutrient absorption, fermentation efficiency, and overall metabolic regulation. Additionally, the rumen microbiota contributes to immune regulation and disease resilience, influencing both local and systemic immunity. Dysbiosis, or imbalances in the microbial community, can disrupt these signaling mechanisms, leading to impaired digestion, nutrient absorption, and increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal diseases. Elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms governing this crosstalk provides critical insights for advancing livestock productivity, enhancing health, and developing effective disease prevention strategies. This study focuses on analyzing the signaling pathways that govern host-microbiota interactions within the rumen, emphasizing their significance in nutrient metabolism and the promotion of disease resilience. By deciphering these complex interactions, novel strategies can be developed to optimize rumen function, enhance nutrient utilization, and mitigate the risk of diseases, ultimately contributing to sustainable livestock farming practices and improved animal welfare.

Keywords: Crosstalk, disease resilience, digestion, fermentation, immune regulation, microbiota, molecular signaling, nutrient metabolism, rumen, short-chain fatty acids

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology ]

How to cite this article:
Emran Hossain, Shilpi Islam. Host-Microbiota Crosstalk in the Rumen: Signaling Pathways for Nutrient Metabolism and Disease Resilience in Dairy Cows. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology. 2025; 15(01):29-41.
How to cite this URL:
Emran Hossain, Shilpi Islam. Host-Microbiota Crosstalk in the Rumen: Signaling Pathways for Nutrient Metabolism and Disease Resilience in Dairy Cows. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology. 2025; 15(01):29-41. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjomv/article=2025/view=201069


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 15
Issue 01
Received 09/01/2025
Accepted 16/01/2025
Published 25/01/2025
Publication Time 16 Days
175

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