Advances in Total Knee Replacement: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes and Complications

Year : 2025 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 01 | Page : 41 56
    By

    Nitin Malik,

  • Abhishek Malik,

  • Chetan Raj Singh,

  • Arnav Chowdhary,

  1. Senior Resident, Department of Orthopaedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
  2. Junior Resident, Department of Orthopaedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
  3. Junior Resident, Department of Orthopaedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
  4. Junior Resident, Department of Orthopaedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is a widely used surgical intervention for patients with knee osteoarthritis and other degenerative knee disorders, offering significant improvements in pain relief, functional restoration, and quality of life. This systematic review synthesizes data from multiple clinical studies to evaluate the outcomes and complications associated with TKR. To find applicable research published in the last ten years, a thorough search of electronic databases was performed. Randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, and observational studies were all part of the research database that looked at clinical outcomes like pain alleviation, functional improvement, patient satisfaction, complication rates, and implant survival alongside other metrics. The review revealed that most patients undergoing TKR experience substantial pain relief and improved function, with satisfaction rates generally exceeding 80%. However, complications, such as infections, thromboembolism, and nerve injuries were reported in a small percentage of cases. Robotic-assisted surgery used in TKR showed potential for more precise alignment and better functional outcomes, but challenges, such as longer operative times, higher costs, and a learning curve remain. Additionally, factors, such as patient expectations, preoperative education, and postoperative rehabilitation significantly influenced patient satisfaction and overall outcomes. TKR continues to be an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis, with advancements in surgical techniques and implants improving outcomes. However, complications persist, and a tailored approach considering individual patient factors is essential for optimizing results.

Keywords: Clinical outcomes, complications, implant survival, knee osteoarthritis, total knee replacement, patient satisfaction, robotic surgery

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology ]

How to cite this article:
Nitin Malik, Abhishek Malik, Chetan Raj Singh, Arnav Chowdhary. Advances in Total Knee Replacement: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes and Complications. Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology. 2025; 14(01):41-56.
How to cite this URL:
Nitin Malik, Abhishek Malik, Chetan Raj Singh, Arnav Chowdhary. Advances in Total Knee Replacement: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes and Complications. Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology. 2025; 14(01):41-56. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjomst/article=2025/view=197069


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 14
Issue 01
Received 26/12/2024
Accepted 20/01/2025
Published 05/02/2025
Publication Time 41 Days
481

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