Santosh Suman,
Sangeeta Pahuja,
Shailaja Shukla,
Sunita Sharma,
Jagdish Chandra,
Alice Xalxo,
- Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India
- Professor, Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India
- Director Professor, Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India
- Director Professor, Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India
- Director Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India
- Post Graduate Resident, Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India
Abstract
Background: B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) often shows lineage heterogeneity with lymphoid cells expressing myeloid markers. Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) refers to the small number of cancer cells that may remain in a patient’s body after treatment and that are undetectable by standard diagnostic methods. In diseases like B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL), MRD is a critical prognostic indicator, as its presence can signal a higher risk of relapse. In B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL), CD66c and CD123 are surface markers that have been studied for their potential roles in detecting Minimal Residual Disease (MRD), aiding in the identification of leukemic cells that may persist after treatment. Methods like flow cytometry are often used to detect MRD by identifying specific biomarkers or genetic mutations associated with the remaining cancer cells. Methods: The study included 30 newly diagnosed B-ALL patients under 18 years. Patients with relapsed B-ALL or recent corticosteroid use were excluded. Routine investigations and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry were performed. MRD was defined as ≥0.01% leukemic cells. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted on samples from all 30 patients to evaluate CD66c and CD123 as potential biomarkers for MRD detection in B-cell ALL. Results: In our study, most cases (28/30) were CALLA positive, with a mean age of 4.8 years. CD66c expression varied, with 46.7% showing >20% expression. CD123 expression levels ranged from 20%. At day 35, CD66c was identified in 58.3% of MRD-positive cases, while CD123 was detected in 91.7% of MRD-positive cases. Conclusion: CD123 demonstrated higher sensitivity in detecting MRD compared to CD66c. Our findings suggest that CD123 could serve as a valuable biomarker for MRD assessment in B-cell ALL, potentially improving prognostic accuracy and guiding treatment decisions
Keywords: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, minimal residual disease, CD66C, CD123, flow cytometry, biomarkers
[This article belongs to Research & Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology (rrjomst)]
Santosh Suman, Sangeeta Pahuja, Shailaja Shukla, Sunita Sharma, Jagdish Chandra, Alice Xalxo. An Evaluative Comparison of CD123 and CD66c as Biomarkers to Detect Minimal Residual Disease in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Research & Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology. 2024; 13(03):7-12.
Santosh Suman, Sangeeta Pahuja, Shailaja Shukla, Sunita Sharma, Jagdish Chandra, Alice Xalxo. An Evaluative Comparison of CD123 and CD66c as Biomarkers to Detect Minimal Residual Disease in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Research & Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology. 2024; 13(03):7-12. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjomst/article=2024/view=178741
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Volume | 13 |
Issue | 03 |
Received | 07/08/2024 |
Accepted | 17/09/2024 |
Published | 18/10/2024 |