Cardiac Structural and Functional Changes in Anaemia: A 2D Echocardiographic Study in an Indian Population

Year : 2026 | Volume : 16 | Issue : 02 | Page : 39 44
    By

    Shereen Valsson,

  • Shekhar Ghodeswar,

  • Ashish Kusare,

  1. Senior Resident, Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College (GMC), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
  2. Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College (SVNGMC), Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India
  3. Senior Resident, Department of Cardiology, Super Speciality Hospital (SSH), Government Medical College (GMC), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Anemia is a widespread global health concern, particularly prevalent in developing countries, like India, where it contributes significantly to cardiovascular morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate cardiac structural and functional changes in anaemic patients using 2D echocardiography and to assess correlations between haemoglobin levels and echocardiographic parameters. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 125 anaemic patients (defined as haemoglobin <13 g/dL in males and <12 g/dL in females) at a tertiary care hospital over two years. All patients underwent clinical evaluation, complete blood counts, and detailed 2D echocardiographic assessment. Key parameters assessed included left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), ejection fraction (EF), left atrial volume index, E/A ratio, and valvular abnormalities. Results showed that increasing anaemia severity was associated with a rise in LVEDV (from 105 mL to 132 mL), a decline in EF (from 63% to 57%), and worsening diastolic dysfunction (E/A ratio from 1.2 to 0.9). Left atrial enlargement and left ventricular hypertrophy were observed in 39% and 36% of patients, respectively. Notably, haemoglobin levels demonstrated a significant inverse correlation with LVEDV (r = –0.48) and a positive correlation with EF (r = +0.38, p < 0.01). These findings highlight that anaemia exerts a measurable impact on cardiac morphology and function, which can be effectively monitored through 2D echocardiography. Routine echocardiographic evaluation in anaemic patients may aid in early detection of subclinical cardiac dysfunction and guide timely intervention to reduce long-term cardiovascular complications.

Keywords: Anaemia, 2D echocardiography, left ventricular dysfunction, diastolic dysfunction, cardiac remodeling

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine ]

How to cite this article:
Shereen Valsson, Shekhar Ghodeswar, Ashish Kusare. Cardiac Structural and Functional Changes in Anaemia: A 2D Echocardiographic Study in an Indian Population. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine. 2026; 16(02):39-44.
How to cite this URL:
Shereen Valsson, Shekhar Ghodeswar, Ashish Kusare. Cardiac Structural and Functional Changes in Anaemia: A 2D Echocardiographic Study in an Indian Population. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine. 2026; 16(02):39-44. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjom/article=2026/view=249767


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 16
Issue 02
Received 20/05/2026
Accepted 08/06/2026
Published 16/07/2026
Publication Time 57 Days
10

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