A Study to Assess the Risk Factors Associated with Sudden Death in Population on Hemodialysis

Year : 2026 | Volume : 16 | Issue : 01 | Page : 14 19
    By

    Tasaduq,

  • Ibtisam Nazir Khan,

  1. Student, Department of Dialysis Technology, Rayat Bahra University, Kharar, Punjab, India
  2. Assistant Professor, Department of Dialysis Technology, Rayat Bahra University, Kharar, Punjab, India

Abstract

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD) experience disproportionately high mortality, with sudden death remaining a leading cause. Multiple clinical, biochemical, and care-related factors influence outcomes, yet comprehensive risk stratification models and the role of dialysis timing and early nephrology care remain inadequately explored in resource-limited settings. Objectives: This study aimed to (i) identify clinical and biochemical risk factors associated with mortality in HD patients, (ii) evaluate the impact of interdialytic intervals on sudden death, and (iii) assess the influence of early nephrology care on one-year mortality among patients initiating renal replacement therapy (RRT). Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among adult patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Baseline demographic, clinical, laboratory, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic parameters were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of mortality and to develop a mortality prediction model. The effect of interdialytic intervals on sudden death was analyzed using time-based mortality assessment. Survival outcomes were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis, and the impact of early versus late nephrology referral was examined. Results: Several factors, including advanced age, cardiovascular comorbidities, electrolyte disturbances, prolonged interdialytic intervals, and inadequate pre-dialysis care, were significantly associated with increased mortality. Sudden death was more frequent during longer interdialytic intervals, particularly following the long weekend gap. Early nephrology care prior to dialysis initiation was associated with significantly improved one-year survival and reduced incidence of sudden death. Conclusion: Mortality in hemodialysis patients is strongly influenced by modifiable clinical factors, dialysis scheduling, and timing of nephrology referral. Early nephrology care and optimized dialysis planning may substantially reduce mortality and sudden death among HD patients.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, early nephrology care, hemodialysis, interdialytic interval, mortality prediction model, sudden death

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences ]

How to cite this article:
Tasaduq, Ibtisam Nazir Khan. A Study to Assess the Risk Factors Associated with Sudden Death in Population on Hemodialysis. Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences. 2026; 16(01):14-19.
How to cite this URL:
Tasaduq, Ibtisam Nazir Khan. A Study to Assess the Risk Factors Associated with Sudden Death in Population on Hemodialysis. Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences. 2026; 16(01):14-19. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjols/article=2026/view=244846


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Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 16
Issue 01
Received 22/11/2025
Accepted 30/12/2025
Published 01/01/2026
Publication Time 40 Days
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