Nanoparticle-Based Early Diagnostic Tools for Tuberculosis and Malaria in Rural India

Year : 2025 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 02 | Page : 45 51
    By

    Stephen Monday,

  • Atul Khajuria,

  • Eric Kwasi Elliason,

  • Gagan Singh,

  • J. Samuel Kamanda1,

  1. Research Fellow, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India
  2. Director, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India
  3. Research Fellow, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India
  4. Research Fellow, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India
  5. Research Fellow, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India

Abstract

Malaria and Tuberculosis continue to be two major public health challenges in rural India. The interplay between an inefficient health care system, late diagnosis, and under-identification of cases contributes to the high morbidity and mortality associated with TB and Malaria. Conventional methods, such as sputum microscopy for TB, microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria, have a higher benchmark of sensitivity that requires a certain amount of time, skilled personnel, and facilities. These methods also must be performed in labs. For lower resource settings, Nanoparticle based diagnostic technologies offer rapid, point-of-care sensitive diagnosis that can be adapted easily. Through research conducted in rural Bihar, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, and Jharkhand, this review assesses the public health impact, accessibility, efficiency, and utility of early detection tools for TB and malaria using nanoparticles among 3000056 participants by analyzing data from a field study. For ease of use, community acceptance, and turnaround time, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and quantum dots (QDs) outperformed other methods for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. The use of nanoparticles within the biosensor framework positively impacted the number of early TB and malaria detections, showing significant improvements. In comparison to conventional methods, acceptance from healthcare professionals alongside patients indicate the practicality of utilizing these innovations among unserved populations. Furthermore, both sensitivity and specificity reached outstanding levels of 94%, with an over 80% reduction in average diagnostic time. As showcased in this work, nanoparticle-based diagnostics could revolutionize disease detection at the site of care. These innovations will aid in the national efforts towards tuberculosis elimination and malaria control in underdeveloped regions.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, tuberculosis, malaria, diagnostics, rural India, biosensors, public health, gold nanoparticles, quantum dots

[This article belongs to Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery ]

How to cite this article:
Stephen Monday, Atul Khajuria, Eric Kwasi Elliason, Gagan Singh, J. Samuel Kamanda1. Nanoparticle-Based Early Diagnostic Tools for Tuberculosis and Malaria in Rural India. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery. 2025; 12(02):45-51.
How to cite this URL:
Stephen Monday, Atul Khajuria, Eric Kwasi Elliason, Gagan Singh, J. Samuel Kamanda1. Nanoparticle-Based Early Diagnostic Tools for Tuberculosis and Malaria in Rural India. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery. 2025; 12(02):45-51. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjoddd/article=2025/view=228489


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 12
Issue 02
Received 17/04/2025
Accepted 21/04/2025
Published 25/06/2025
Publication Time 69 Days
100

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