Optimization of Reaction Parameters for Biodiesel (Methyl Ester) Synthesis Using Surface Response Methodology

Year : 2024 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 03 | Page : 20 28
    By

    P.O. Asipita,

  • H.O. Haruna,

  • M.M. Ambursa,

  • I.G. Wawata,

  • F.A. Atiku,

  • J. Ibrahim,

  • L.A. Musa,

  1. Research Scholar, Department of Science and Technology Education, Confluence University of Science and Technology, Osara, Nigeria
  2. Research Scholar, Department of Science and Technology Education, Confluence University of Science and Technology, Osara, Nigeria
  3. Research Scholar, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria
  4. Research Scholar, (Ph.D), Department of Industrial Chemistry, KIU Western Campus Bushenyi, Uganda, East Africa
  5. Research Scholar, (Ph.D.), School of Chemical & Process Engineering, University of Leeds,, LS2 9JT,, United Kingdom
  6. Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, Confluence University of Science and Technology, Osara, Nigeria
  7. Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, Confluence University of Science and Technology, Osara, Nigeria

Abstract

The Polyoxo vanadate catalytic trans-esterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) was carried out by optimizing four reaction parameters which include: catalyst loading, methanol/oil ratio, temperature, and reaction time. These optimized parameters are 0.5 g, 0.8 g, and 1.2 g catalyst loading, 3:1, 6:1 and 9:1 methanol/oil ratio, 45°C, 60°C and 65°C reaction temperature, 45 min, 60 min and 90 min reaction time. The regression equation in the uncoded units of the optimization revealed that for every 1% increment in catalyst loading there tends to be a 15.64% increment of the biodiesel yield, more so 1% decrease in the interaction of methanol and time tends to increase the yield of the diesel by 0.0691% though under an ideal condition if there are no methanol/oil ratio, catalyst, methanol/oil * Time, 43.7 % is given for the unexplained parameter residual in the equation. A normal probability plot shows that, all the observations of % yield fit in the same line or trend. The Pareto chart of standardized shows that the catalyst loading has a high and strong effect on the biodiesel yield as it is the only parameter with such a standard effect of 1.492, the effect of methanol/oil interaction tends to follow the catalyst loading with a less standard effect of 1.0. The Contour plot of % yield vs Time, methanol/oil ratio reveals that at constant catalyst loading the interaction deepens when yield is above 50%. When the time is held constant, the Surface plot reveals the best output of the yield with catalyst loading of 0.8 g, methanol/oil ratio of 9:1, and 90 min reaction time. However, the R-squared value standard reports that about 34.52% of the parameters are explained by the yield which might be diagnostic for unusual observation on the yield with the value of 50.23% and 76.44% attributed by random chance. The biodiesel sample’s FTIR measurement clearly verifies that waste oil was converted to biodiesel.

Keywords: Biodiesel, catalyst, optimization, parameter, pollution, polyoxovanadate, transesterification

[This article belongs to Omni Science: A Multi-disciplinary Journal ]

How to cite this article:
P.O. Asipita, H.O. Haruna, M.M. Ambursa, I.G. Wawata, F.A. Atiku, J. Ibrahim, L.A. Musa. Optimization of Reaction Parameters for Biodiesel (Methyl Ester) Synthesis Using Surface Response Methodology. Omni Science: A Multi-disciplinary Journal. 2024; 14(03):20-28.
How to cite this URL:
P.O. Asipita, H.O. Haruna, M.M. Ambursa, I.G. Wawata, F.A. Atiku, J. Ibrahim, L.A. Musa. Optimization of Reaction Parameters for Biodiesel (Methyl Ester) Synthesis Using Surface Response Methodology. Omni Science: A Multi-disciplinary Journal. 2024; 14(03):20-28. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/osmj/article=2024/view=181468


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Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 14
Issue 03
Received 29/10/2024
Accepted 01/11/2024
Published 06/11/2024
322

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