The Effect of Vitamin A Dose For Different Periods On The Spleen of White Rats: A Histological Study

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 02 | Page : –
    By

    Zainab Salah Abdul-Jabbar,

  1. Assistant Lecturer, , Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Technical Institute, Al- Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq

Abstract

There are many detrimental effects of hypervitaminosis (A) on immune system function, growth, and reproduction. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the histological changes in the spleen of white rats given an excessive amount of vitamin A. The study was conducted from October 21, 2022, to December 12, 2022, at the College of Education’s Animal House. (40) adult male albino rats, weighting between 200 and 220 grams and between 16 and 20 weeks of age, were separated into four groups. Three of these groups received oral vitamin A at a dosage of 15,000 IU For different periods of time throughout the study period, while the fourth group received distilled water and served as the control group, which did not receive any nutritional supplements. Weekly assessments of body weight and spleen weight of the experimental animals, which were euthanized following the final day of dosing (Group1), indicated that, a noticeable depletion of lymphocytes within the white pulp and the absence of germinal centers. The subjects euthanized two weeks post cessation of treatment (Group2) exhibited vacuolization of certain reticular cells, accompanied by a reduction in cellularity and enlarged sinusoidal spaces. Animals euthanized four weeks subsequent to the cessation of treatment (Group3) demonstrated mild atrophy in the white pulp and aplasia of the red pulp, wherein it started to regain its architecture, with the marginal zone between the white and red pulp being distinctly identifiable. Following the final treatment, in order to observe the progression of clinical symptoms, histological and macroscopic alterations were monitored. Hematoxylin and Eosin stained histopathological images revealed substantial cellular debris indicative of degeneration and vacuolization; these pathological modifications were noted in the histological sections of the spleen subjected to an overdose of Vitamin (A). It is central to diagnosis that the specific impacts of hypervitaminosis (A) on splenic masses can vary liable on circumstances such as the interval and acuteness of extreme vitamin (A) consumption, advertisement exposure, and typical strength. The investigation concluded that high doses of vitamin A  may cause cellular, histological, and functional abnormalities, including changes in the connective tissue layers and possible cryogenic effects on specific internal organs and tissues, such as the spleen’s collagenous and reticular fibers. These effects looked to disappear after stopping the dosage, yet, as the spleen resumed its normal structural state.

Keywords: Vitamin A, Hypervitaminosis, Red pulp, White pulp, spleen.

[This article belongs to OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal ]

How to cite this article:
Zainab Salah Abdul-Jabbar. The Effect of Vitamin A Dose For Different Periods On The Spleen of White Rats: A Histological Study. OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal. 2025; 15(02):-.
How to cite this URL:
Zainab Salah Abdul-Jabbar. The Effect of Vitamin A Dose For Different Periods On The Spleen of White Rats: A Histological Study. OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal. 2025; 15(02):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/osmj/article=2025/view=202600



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Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 15
Issue 02
Received 06/02/2025
Accepted 18/02/2025
Published 03/03/2025
Publication Time 25 Days
Total Visits: 39


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