A Survey on Hydrogen Storage System using Composite Material and its Alloys

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Year : 2026 | Volume : 28 | 02 | Page :
    By

    Heena T Shaikh*,

  • Kazi Kutubuddin,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Brahmdevdada Mane, Institute of Technology, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
  2. Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Brahmdevdada Mane, Institute of Technology, Solapur, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

The transition to a carbon-neutral energy landscape hinges on the ability to store hydrogen safely, densely, and reversibly. While high-pressure tanks and cryogenic vessels dominate today’s infrastructure, solid-state storage in metallic alloys offers a compelling alternative by combining high gravimetric capacity with intrinsic safety to form a composite material. This work presents a systematic investigation of a family of reversible hydrogen-absorbing composite material alloys—principally Mg-based intermetallics (Mg₂Ni, MgFeMn) and TiV-based Laves phases (TiFe, Ti₁₋ₓMnₓV₂)—engineered through compositional tailoring, nanostructuring, and catalytic doping. Calorimetric, kinetic, and cycling tests reveal that the synergistic incorporation of 3–5 wt % PdCu nanoclusters reduces the desorption enthalpy by up to 12 kJ mol⁻¹, enabling full hydrogen release at ≤ 80 °C while preserving a gravimetric storage density of 5.8 wt % for the Mg₂NiPdCu system. Advanced in situ synchrotron diffraction uncovers a reversible twostep phase transformation pathway that mitigates lattice strain and curbs hysteresis, thereby delivering > 500 cycles with < 2 % capacity fade. A technoeconomic model, calibrated against pilot-scale data, demonstrates that an alloy-based storage module can achieve a levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) of $3.2 kg⁻¹—competitive with compressed gas systems when integrated into a renewable-energy-to-hydrogen (REH₂) microgrid. The findings establish a design-by-property framework that links alloy chemistry, microstructure, and thermodynamics, charting a practical route toward scalable solid-state hydrogen storage.

Keywords: Hydrogen, Alloys, Storage, Magnesium, AB₅, Composite materials

How to cite this article:
Heena T Shaikh*, Kazi Kutubuddin. A Survey on Hydrogen Storage System using Composite Material and its Alloys. Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications. 2026; 28(02):-.
How to cite this URL:
Heena T Shaikh*, Kazi Kutubuddin. A Survey on Hydrogen Storage System using Composite Material and its Alloys. Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications. 2026; 28(02):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/nts/article=2026/view=247740


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Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume 28
02
Received 09/04/2026
Accepted 21/05/2026
Published 31/05/2026
Publication Time 52 Days
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