Enhancing IoT Network Security with Hybrid Deep Learning Classifiers for DDoS Attack Detection

Year : 2026 | Volume : 13 | Issue : 01 | Page : 23 33
    By

    Manjusha V. Khond,

  • Mahesh R. Sanghavi,

  1. Research Scholar, Computer Engineering, Mumbai Educational Trust, Institute of Engineering, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
  2. Professor & Vice-Principal, Computer Engineering, S.N.J.B. Engineering College, Chandwad, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

The security and operational dependability of Internet of Things (IoT) networks are seriously threatened by the growing susceptibility to Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) assaults brought about by their rapid expansion. The intricacy and dynamic character of these advanced attacks can provide a challenge to conventional intrusion detection systems. This study presents a novel method for strengthening IoT network security by combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks into a hybrid deep learning framework. The suggested CNN-LSTM approach ensures precise and effective DDoS threat detection by utilizing CNNs’ advantages for feature extraction and LSTMs for temporal dependency modelling. The capacity of the model to minimize security threats is shown by the assessment findings, which indicate that it performs better than existing methods in accuracy, precision, and recall. This study highlights the strength of hybrid deep learning models as a solid solution for safeguarding IoT ecosystems against sophisticated cyber-attacks.

Keywords: Hybrid deep learning classifiers, CNN, LSTM, DDoS, IoT

[This article belongs to Journal of Web Engineering & Technology ]

How to cite this article:
Manjusha V. Khond, Mahesh R. Sanghavi. Enhancing IoT Network Security with Hybrid Deep Learning Classifiers for DDoS Attack Detection. Journal of Web Engineering & Technology. 2025; 13(01):23-33.
How to cite this URL:
Manjusha V. Khond, Mahesh R. Sanghavi. Enhancing IoT Network Security with Hybrid Deep Learning Classifiers for DDoS Attack Detection. Journal of Web Engineering & Technology. 2025; 13(01):23-33. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jowet/article=2025/view=232419


References

  1. Elsaeidy AA, Jamalipour A, Munasinghe KS. A hybrid deep learning approach for replay and DDoS attack detection in a smart city. IEEE Access. 2021 Nov 16; 9: 154864–75.
  2. Javeed D, Gao T, Khan MT, Ahmad I. A hybrid deep learning-driven SDN-enabled mechanism for secure communication in Internet of Things (IoT). Sensors. 2021 Jul 18; 21(14): 4884.
  3. Ullah S, Khan MA, Ahmad J, Jamal SS, e Huma Z, Hassan MT, Pitropakis N, Arshad, Buchanan WJ. HDL-IDS: a hybrid deep learning architecture for intrusion detection in the Internet of Vehicles. Sensors. 2022 Feb 10; 22(4): 1340.
  4. Islam U, Muhammad A, Mansoor R, Hossain MS, Ahmad I, Eldin ET, Khan JA, Rehman AU, Shafiq M. Detection of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks in IOT based monitoring system of banking sector using machine learning models. Sustainability. 2022 Jul 8; 14(14): 8374.
  5. Dabhade V, Alvi AS. Malicious Node Detection and Prevention for Secured Communication in WSN. In Computer Networks, Big Data and IoT: Proceedings of ICCBI 2021. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore; 2022 May 22; 121–136.
  6. Pabale AR, Kolhe RV, William P, Deshpande N, Paithankar DN, Yawalkar PM. Smart crack detection system using nanostructured materials with integrated optimization technology. J Nano-Electron Phys. 2023; 15(4): 04019. DOI: 10.21272/jnep.15(4).04019.
  7. Panda M. Security in wireless sensor networks using cryptographic techniques. Am J Eng Res. 2014 Oct; 3(01): 50–6.
  8. Sahu AK, Sharma S, Tanveer M, Raja R. Internet of Things attack detection using hybrid Deep Learning Model. Comput Commun. 2021 Aug 1; 176: 146–54.
  9. Najafimehr M, Zarifzadeh S, Mostafavi S. A hybrid machine learning approach for detecting unprecedented DDoS attacks. J Supercomput. 2022 Apr; 78(6): 8106–36.
  10. Alghazzawi D, Bamasag O, Ullah H, Asghar MZ. Efficient detection of DDoS attacks using a hybrid deep learning model with improved feature selection. Appl Sci. 2021 Dec 8; 11(24): 11634.
  11. Alzahrani MY, Bamhdi AM. Hybrid deep-learning model to detect botnet attacks over internet of things environments. Soft Comput. 2022 Aug; 26(16): 7721–35.
  12. Sagu A, Gill NS, Gulia P, Priyadarshini I, Chatterjee JM. Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Detection of Security Attacks in IoT-Enabled Cyber-Physical Systems. IEEE Trans Big Data. 2024 Mar 1; 11(1): 35–46.
  13. Xinlong L, Zhibin C. [Retracted] DDoS Attack Detection by Hybrid Deep Learning Methodologies. Secur Commun Netw. 2022; 2022(1): 7866096.
  14. Cil AE, Yildiz K, Buldu A. Detection of DDoS attacks with feed forward based deep neural network model. Expert Syst Appl. 2021 May 1; 169: 114520.
  15. Alzahrani RJ, Alzahrani A. Security analysis of ddos attacks using machine learning algorithms in networks traffic. Electronics. 2021 Nov 25; 10(23): 2919.
  16. Popoola SI, Adebisi B, Ande R, Hammoudeh M, Anoh K, Atayero AA. smote-drnn: A deep learning algorithm for botnet detection in the internet-of-things networks. Sensors. 2021 Apr 24; 21(9): 2985.
  17. Niraja KS, Rao SS. WITHDRAWN: A hybrid algorithm design for near real time detection cyber attacks from compromised devices to enhance IoT security. Mater Today Proc. 2021 Mar 5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.01.751
  18. Lakshmi Narayanan K, Santhana Krishnan R, Golden Julie E, Harold Robinson Y, Shanmuganathan V. Machine learning based detection and a novel EC-BRTT algorithm based prevention of DoS attacks in wireless sensor networks. Wirel Pers Commun. 2022 Nov; 127(1): 479–503.
  19. Al-Taleb N, Saqib NA. Towards a hybrid machine learning model for intelligent cyber threat identification in smart city environments. Appl Sci. 2022 Feb 11; 12(4): 1863.
  20. Wazzan M, Algazzawi D, Albeshri A, Hasan S, Rabie O, Asghar MZ. Cross deep learning method for effectively detecting the propagation of IoT botnet. Sensors. 2022 May 20; 22(10): 3895.
  21. Ahuja N, Singal G, Mukhopadhyay D, Kumar N. Automated DDOS attack detection in software defined networking. J Netw Comput Appl. 2021 Aug 1; 187: 103108.
  22. Mohmand MI, Hussain H, Khan AA, Ullah U, Zakarya M, Ahmed A, Raza M, Rahman IU, Haleem M. A machine learning-based classification and prediction technique for DDoS attacks. IEEE Access. 2022 Feb 17; 10: 21443–54.
  23. Alkahtani H, Aldhyani TH. Botnet attack detection by using CNN‐LSTM model for Internet of Things applications. Secur Commun Netw. 2021; 2021(1): 3806459.
  24. Pokhrel S, Abbas R, Aryal B. IoT security: botnet detection in IoT using machine learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.02231. 2021 Apr 6.
  25. Abdulrahman NF, Singh MJ. Deep learning approaches for DDoS attack detection in communication networks and iot: A comprehensive review. J Kejuruteraan. 2025; 37(1): 323–33.
  26. Thangasamy A, Sundan B, Govindaraj L. A Novel Framework for DDoS Attacks Detection Using Hybrid LSTM Techniques. Comput Syst Sci Eng. 2023 Jun 1; 45(3): 2553–2567.
  27. Ullah Z, Arif F, Haq QM, Khan NA, Din IU, Almogren A, Khan MA, Alsaleh O, Guizani M. Hybrid CNN-LSTM Model for DDoS Attack Detection in Internet of Things-based Healthcare Industry 5.0. IEEE Internet Things J. 2025 May 13; 12(22): 46075–46082.
  28. Mousa AK, Abdullah MN. An improved deep learning model for DDoS detection based on hybrid stacked autoencoder and checkpoint network. Future Internet. 2023 Aug 19; 15(8): 278.
  29. Sadhwani S, Manibalan B, Muthalagu R, Pawar P. A lightweight model for DDoS attack detection using machine learning techniques. Appl Sci. 2023 Sep 2; 13(17): 9937.
  30. Maguluri LP, Sorapalli YS, Nakkala LK, Tallari V. Smart street lights using IoT. In 2017 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Computing and Communication Technology (iCATccT). 2017 Dec 21; 126–131.
  31. Rathod U. Role of Deep Learning in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks. Publications in Journal. 2022 Dec; 2022: 23.

Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 13
Issue 01
Received 12/06/2025
Accepted 05/09/2025
Published 17/11/2025
Publication Time 158 Days


Login


My IP

PlumX Metrics