Progress and Prospects of Chromium-Based p-Type TCOs: Next-Generation Transparent Electronics

Year : 2025 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 03 | Page : 9 16
    By

    Sandeep,

  • Kaushal Kumar,

  • Jarnail Singh,

  1. Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering & Technology, Krishna Reddy Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
  2. Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering & Technology, Krishna Reddy Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering & Technology, Krishna Reddy Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana, India

Abstract

The field of active devices has recently shown a great interest in p-type transparent conducting oxides (TCOs). In the realm of optoelectronics, a new generation known as “Invisible Electronics” began with the introduction of transparent junctional devices. In recent years, many different p-type transparent conducting oxide materials with enhanced optical and electrical properties have been produced. These p-TCOs are not stoichiometric and are doped with suitable counter-cations/anions. For p-TCOs, chromium (Cr)-based materials stand out as the best option among all previously employed p-type materials. Despite their electrical properties lie on the insulator side, appropriate doping has been shown to greatly increase their electrical conductivity. In this review, an up-to-date and detailed explanation of TCO materials based on chromium (Cr) is provided. The development of highly efficient p-TCO films could lead in an innovative era in the form of “Transparent Electronics”, as it could pave the way for the fabrication of transparent active devices.

Keywords: Optoelectronics, TCO, chromium, p-type, invisible electronics

[This article belongs to Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits ]

How to cite this article:
Sandeep, Kaushal Kumar, Jarnail Singh. Progress and Prospects of Chromium-Based p-Type TCOs: Next-Generation Transparent Electronics. Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits. 2025; 12(03):9-16.
How to cite this URL:
Sandeep, Kaushal Kumar, Jarnail Singh. Progress and Prospects of Chromium-Based p-Type TCOs: Next-Generation Transparent Electronics. Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits. 2025; 12(03):9-16. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/josdc/article=2025/view=227911


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Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 12
Issue 03
Received 05/07/2025
Accepted 04/08/2025
Published 26/08/2025
Publication Time 52 Days
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