Spin Coated Polyvinylidene Difluoride / Ionic Liquid Nanocomposite Thin Films with Enhanced Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties

Year : 2026 | Volume : 14 | Special Issue 01 | Page : 1190 1204
    By

    Kavita Rani,

  • Anurekha Sharma,

  • Yashashchandra Dwivedi,

  1. Research Scholar, Department of Electronic Science, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
  2. Professor, Department of Electronic Science, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
  3. Professor, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India

Abstract

This study introduces a novel approach to enhance the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) by incorporating 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF₄]) ionic liquid via a spin-coating method— a processing route that has been rarely reported for PVDF/ionic liquid composites. Structural and morphological analyses using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirm the successful integration of [BMIM][BF₄] into the PVDF matrix. The presence of the ionic liquid promotes the formation of the β-phase, leading to a marked improvement in functional performance. With increasing the [BMIM] [BF₄] content, both the dielectric constant and piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃) increase significantly, and the 6wt.% PVDF/[BMIM][BF₄] composite exhibiting the highest enhancement. Mechanical testing reveals that the 6wt.% [BMIM][BF₄] composite also shows superior tensile strength and flexibility compared to pristine PVDF. Under mechanical stimulation via hand tapping, this composite achieves a peak output voltage of 2.2 V, approximately twice that of pure PVDF. In addition, cytotoxicity results confirm that incorporating [BMIM][BF₄] does not compromise the inherent biocompatibility of PVDF, indicating that the PVDF/RTIL films remain safe for potential biomedical or wearable applications. These findings highlight the potential of [BMIM][BF₄]-modified PVDF films, prepared via spin coating, as promising candidates for flexible piezoelectric and energy harvesting applications.

Keywords: Flexible, Piezoelectric, PVDF, RTIL, Energy harvester, dielectric

[This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer & Composites (jopc)]

How to cite this article:
Kavita Rani, Anurekha Sharma, Yashashchandra Dwivedi. Spin Coated Polyvinylidene Difluoride / Ionic Liquid Nanocomposite Thin Films with Enhanced Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(01):1190-1204.
How to cite this URL:
Kavita Rani, Anurekha Sharma, Yashashchandra Dwivedi. Spin Coated Polyvinylidene Difluoride / Ionic Liquid Nanocomposite Thin Films with Enhanced Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(01):1190-1204. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2026/view=239161


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Special Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 14
Special Issue 01
Received 22/01/2026
Accepted 06/02/2026
Published 14/02/2026
Publication Time 23 Days
22

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