Interfacial and Tribo-Mechanical Performance of a TiO₂–Castor Oil Polymeric Nanofluid During Sustainable Machining of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Under MQL Conditions

Year : 2026 | Volume : 14 | Special Issue 01 | Page : 901 914
    By

    Mithun Dhaval Shah,

  • Abhay Utpat,

  • Pankaj Jadhav,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, N.B. Navale Sinhgad College of Engineering, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
  2. Dean and Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SPP & Karmayogi Institute of Technology, Pandharpur, Maharashtra, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Technology, Ratan Tata Maharashtra State Skills University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

This research examines the tribo-mechanical performance and interfacial film characteristics of a TiO₂-reinforced castor-oil polymeric nanofluid during the turning of AISI 316L stainless steel under minimum-quantity lubrication (MQL). A Taguchi L9 orthogonal array was utilized to assess the synergistic effects of cutting speed, depth of cut, and coolant composition on surface integrity, while machining experiments were performed under dry, conventional, and TiO₂-nanofluid lubrication techniques. ANOVA and multiple-regression modeling were used to do statistical analysis that measured how much each parameter added and found predictive relationships between process inputs and surface responses. The polymeric nanofluid reduced surface roughness by 72% and tool wear by 64% compared to dry cutting. The chemistry of the coolant was the most important factor, contributing 71.2% (p < 0.05). The regression model produced a R² value of 73.4%, which shows that it is good at making predictions. A mechanistic interpretation posits that the viscoelastic castor-oil chains adsorbed at the tool–chip interface, while TiO₂ nanoparticles functioned as nano-rollers and repair agents, resulting in a durable hybrid tribo-film that diminished asperity contact and enhanced heat dissipation stability. The biodegradable polymeric matrix is an effective way to carry TiO₂ nanoparticles because it makes better films, dampens sound, and cools things down. The proposed polymer-nanoceramic hybrid lubrication mechanism provides a long-lasting, high-performance replacement for petroleum-based cutting fluids in precision machining and polymer-metal tribosystems.

Keywords: TiO₂ nanoparticles, polymeric nanofluid, castor oil matrix, tribo-film, AISI 316L, sustainable machining, bio-lubricant.

[This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer & Composites (jopc)]

How to cite this article:
Mithun Dhaval Shah, Abhay Utpat, Pankaj Jadhav. Interfacial and Tribo-Mechanical Performance of a TiO₂–Castor Oil Polymeric Nanofluid During Sustainable Machining of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Under MQL Conditions. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(01):901-914.
How to cite this URL:
Mithun Dhaval Shah, Abhay Utpat, Pankaj Jadhav. Interfacial and Tribo-Mechanical Performance of a TiO₂–Castor Oil Polymeric Nanofluid During Sustainable Machining of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Under MQL Conditions. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(01):901-914. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2026/view=236680


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Special Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 14
Special Issue 01
Received 04/12/2025
Accepted 13/12/2025
Published 10/02/2026
Publication Time 68 Days
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