Thermal Stability and Impact Performance of Basalt–Carbon Hybrid Laminates in Polyimide–Phenolic Matrices

Open Access

Year : 2026 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 01 | Page : 247 260
    By

    Sathish Rengarajan,

  • Ashwin Roy,

  • D. Vijayan,

  • A. Geetha Selvarani,

  • Jagadeesh Palanisamy,

  • Pravinkumar K,

  • Seshagiri Rao Vaddi,

  • S. Baskar,

  1. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, OMR, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  2. Software Developer, Xerago, Industrial Estate, Perungudi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Enathur, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
  4. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R& D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  5. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.S.R. College of Engineering, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
  6. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, OMR, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  7. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, OMR, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  8. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

The impact resistance and thermal stability of the advanced polymer composites are properties that are necessary for the components that are subjected to dynamic conditions, which show the overall reliability and service performance of the laminates applied in automotive structures, protective casings, etc. These properties prevent premature softening or breakdown during long-term exposure to heat. Impact resistance and thermal stability of composite laminates are studied based on fiber orientation and composition. Basalt and carbon fibers were reinforced in a new polyimide/phenolic resin framework processed in methane and propane derivatives of hybrid composites. Composite laminates were manufactured through compression molding, and their behavior under low-velocity impact loading was assessed at two distinct velocities – 2.89 m/s and 4.42 m/s – to determine the most effective fiber arrangement and hybrid configuration for achieving greater damage tolerance. Techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to evaluate thermal degradation patterns, phase transitions, and chemical structure stability. The combined influence of the tailored resin chemistry and basalt–carbon hybrid reinforcement significantly enhanced both impact strength and thermal resistance. The increase in material toughness and energy absorption shows an increase in the glass transition temperature and initial decomposition temperature at 5% mass loss.

Keywords: Basalt fiber, carbon fiber, energy absorption, hybrid composites, impact resistance.

[This article belongs to Journal of Polymer & Composites ]

How to cite this article:
Sathish Rengarajan, Ashwin Roy, D. Vijayan, A. Geetha Selvarani, Jagadeesh Palanisamy, Pravinkumar K, Seshagiri Rao Vaddi, S. Baskar. Thermal Stability and Impact Performance of Basalt–Carbon Hybrid Laminates in Polyimide–Phenolic Matrices. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(01):247-260.
How to cite this URL:
Sathish Rengarajan, Ashwin Roy, D. Vijayan, A. Geetha Selvarani, Jagadeesh Palanisamy, Pravinkumar K, Seshagiri Rao Vaddi, S. Baskar. Thermal Stability and Impact Performance of Basalt–Carbon Hybrid Laminates in Polyimide–Phenolic Matrices. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(01):247-260. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2026/view=235623


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Regular Issue Open Access Original Research
Volume 14
Issue 01
Received 22/11/2025
Accepted 01/12/2025
Published 05/01/2026
Publication Time 44 Days
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