Recent Developments in Hybrid and Nanostructured Basalt Fiber Composites: A Review of Mechanical and Processing Innovations

Year : 2025 | Volume : 13 | Special Issue 06 | Page : 885 894
    By

    Rathinam V.,

  • Ganeshkumar A.,

  • Arul M.,

  • Dinesh S.,

  • Adinarayanan A.,

  • Ida G.,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Automobile Engineering, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  2. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thiruvalluvar College of Engineering and Technology, Vandavasi, Tamil Nadu, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, ARM College of Engineering and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  4. Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  5. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, AMET University, Kanathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  6. Assistant Professor, Department of Science and Humanities, New Prince Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

This review delivers a critical analysis of recent advancements in basalt fiber-reinforced hybrid composites (BFRHCs), emphasizing their transformative potential for advanced structural and high-performance applications. Basalt fibers, derived from volcanic rock, exhibit superior tensile strength, excellent thermal stability, and chemical resistance, offering a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to conventional glass and carbon fibers. Hybridization of basalt fibers with synthetic (e.g., carbon, glass) and natural fibers (e.g., flax, hemp) results in synergistic performance gains, with reported enhancements of up to 50% in tensile strength, 35% in flexural modulus, and 40% in impact resistance. The incorporation of functional nanoparticle fillers such as BaSO₄, SiO₂, Al₂O₃, and TiO₂ significantly improves interfacial bonding, matrix homogeneity, and thermal barrier properties while reducing wear and moisture absorption. Advanced manufacturing approaches—including resin transfer molding (RTM), vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARI), and microwave curing—facilitate precise fiber alignment, reduced void content, and scalability. BFRHCs maintain 85–95% of their mechanical performance at elevated temperatures, outperforming conventional glass fiber systems. Future directions emphasize nano-hybridization, advanced surface functionalization, and AI-assisted optimization of fiber architectures to achieve multifunctional composites with superior durability, lightweight characteristics, and environmental resilience. These innovations position BFRHCs as next-generation materials for aerospace, automotive, marine, and renewable energy sectors.

Keywords: Basalt fibers, hybrid composites, nanoparticle reinforcement, thermal stability, mechanical performance, fiber-matrix interface.

[This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer and Composites (jopc)]

How to cite this article:
Rathinam V., Ganeshkumar A., Arul M., Dinesh S., Adinarayanan A., Ida G.. Recent Developments in Hybrid and Nanostructured Basalt Fiber Composites: A Review of Mechanical and Processing Innovations. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(06):885-894.
How to cite this URL:
Rathinam V., Ganeshkumar A., Arul M., Dinesh S., Adinarayanan A., Ida G.. Recent Developments in Hybrid and Nanostructured Basalt Fiber Composites: A Review of Mechanical and Processing Innovations. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(06):885-894. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2025/view=233481


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Special Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 13
Special Issue 06
Received 26/07/2025
Accepted 07/08/2025
Published 27/09/2025
Publication Time 63 Days
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