Performance, Emission, and Combustion Evaluation of Chlorella Vulgaris Biodiesel-Diesel Blends in a Compression Ignition Engine

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Notice

nThis is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.n

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Year : 2025 [if 2224 equals=””]15/09/2025 at 11:54 AM[/if 2224] | [if 1553 equals=””] Volume : 13 [else] Volume : 13[/if 1553] | [if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue : [/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] 05 | Page : 339 354

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    By

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    Alagala Harikrishna, B. Chandra Mohana Reddy,

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  1. Assistant Professor, Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KSRM College of Engineering, Kadapa, Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur, Ananthapuramu, Department of Mechanical Engineering, JNTUA College of Engineering, Ananthapuramu, Constituent college of Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, India, India

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Abstract

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nThis study examines, without modifying the engine, the performance, emissions, and combustion properties of biodiesel blends made from Chlorella vulgaris microalgae in a four-stroke, single-cylinder, water-cooled CI engine. The blends of biodiesel and diesel, designated B10, B20, B30, and B40, were 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, respectively. Of these, B20 showed the best efficiency-to-emissions ratio. Although it recorded the lowest brake specific fuel consumption of 0.232 kg/kWh, indicating superior fuel utilisation, its brake thermal efficiency of 27.89% was marginally lower than diesel’s 30.12%. According to combustion analysis, B20 demonstrated efficient combustion with a maximum heat release rate of 49 J/°CA and a peak cylinder pressure of 66 bar. Its 13.9°CA ignition delay was almost identical to that of diesel (13.8°CA). In terms of emissions, B20 kept NOₓ levels (853 ppm) near diesel levels while drastically lowering carbon monoxide (0.99%) and unburned hydrocarbons (96 ppm). Because biodiesel is oxygen-rich, the filter smoke number (FSN = 6) also showed decreased smoke opacity. All things considered, B20 proved to be the best blend, providing stable combustion, high thermal efficiency, and lower emissions, making it a practical and environmentally responsible substitute for traditional diesel.nn

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Keywords: Diesel, biodiesel, engine performance, combustion, transesterification.

n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Journal of Polymer and Composites ]

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[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer and Composites (jopc)][/if 424][if 424 equals=”Conference”]This article belongs to Conference [/if 424]

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How to cite this article:
nAlagala Harikrishna, B. Chandra Mohana Reddy. [if 2584 equals=”][226 wpautop=0 striphtml=1][else]Performance, Emission, and Combustion Evaluation of Chlorella Vulgaris Biodiesel-Diesel Blends in a Compression Ignition Engine[/if 2584]. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 05/09/2025; 13(05):339-354.

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How to cite this URL:
nAlagala Harikrishna, B. Chandra Mohana Reddy. [if 2584 equals=”][226 striphtml=1][else]Performance, Emission, and Combustion Evaluation of Chlorella Vulgaris Biodiesel-Diesel Blends in a Compression Ignition Engine[/if 2584]. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 05/09/2025; 13(05):339-354. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=05/09/2025/view=0

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[if 424 not_equal=””]Regular Issue[else]Published[/if 424] Subscription Original Research

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Journal of Polymer and Composites

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[if 344 not_equal=””]ISSN: 2321–2810[/if 344]

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Volume 13
[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] 05
Received 05/08/2025
Accepted 25/08/2025
Published 05/09/2025
Retracted
Publication Time 31 Days

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