Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Cd²⁺ Doped NiAl₂O₄ Nanoparticles for Advanced Polymer Composite Integration

Year : 2025 | Volume : 13 | Issue : 05 | Page : 59 72
    By

    S. Dhanabalan,

  • R. T. Karunakaran,

  • S. Prabahar,

  • S. Nithya,

  • S. Yuvaraj,

  • R. Kiruthika,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Sri Ranganathar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
  2. Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Government Arts College, Udumalpet, Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu, India
  3. Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Government Arts College, Udumalpet, Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu, India
  4. Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  5. Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  6. Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Nehru Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Ni1-xCdxAl2O4, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5, was successfully synthesized using the chemical co-precipitation technique, a scalable and cost-effective route suitable for composite material applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a crystalline cubic spinel structure for the resulting nanoparticles, with determined crystallite sizes ranging from 36 to 12 nm for NiAl2O4 and Cd-doped NiAl2O4. The respective band gaps for the materials were found to be 3.51 and 4.18 eV. Infrared (IR) studies confirmed the bond formation of the synthesized nanoparticles, with notable IR bands at 495 cm-1 corresponding to octahedral-metal (Ni-O) stretching and a band at 563 cm-1 corresponding to tetrahedral metal stretching (Al-O), indicating the production of cadmium-doped nickel aluminate nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles displayed ferromagnetic behavior, and magnetic characteristics such as remanent magnetization (Mr), coercivity (Hc), and saturation magnetization (Ms) were determined through M-H loop analysis. Nonlinear optical properties, including the nonlinear index of refraction (10-8 cm2/W), nonlinear absorption coefficient (10-4 cm/W), and the 3rd order nonlinear susceptibility (10-6 esu), were determined through Z-scan experiments. The materials also displayed effective optical limiting behavior, underscoring their potential as active fillers in polymer-based composite systems for photonic protection, smart coatings, and optoelectronic devices. The findings suggest that Cd-doped NiAl₂O₄ nanoparticles are promising candidates for the development of multifunctional polymer nanocomposites with tailored optical and magnetic functionalities.

Keywords: Cd doped NiAl2O4 nanoparticles, spinel structure, polymer-compatible fillers, optical limiting, functional composites.

[This article belongs to Journal of Polymer and Composites ]

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How to cite this article:
S. Dhanabalan, R. T. Karunakaran, S. Prabahar, S. Nithya, S. Yuvaraj, R. Kiruthika. Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Cd²⁺ Doped NiAl₂O₄ Nanoparticles for Advanced Polymer Composite Integration. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(05):59-72.
How to cite this URL:
S. Dhanabalan, R. T. Karunakaran, S. Prabahar, S. Nithya, S. Yuvaraj, R. Kiruthika. Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Cd²⁺ Doped NiAl₂O₄ Nanoparticles for Advanced Polymer Composite Integration. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(05):59-72. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2025/view=224063


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Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 13
Issue 05
Received 10/07/2025
Accepted 17/07/2025
Published 07/08/2025
Publication Time 28 Days
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