Various Methods For Plastic Waste Pyrolysis To Fuels: A Review

Year : 2025 | Volume : 13 | Issue : 04 | Page : 79-93
    By

    Venkatanarayana Pappula,

  • Karre Saisuvan Reddy,

  • Abhishek Reddy,

  • Monishwar Reddy Vardireddy,

  1. Assistant Professor, School of Sciences, Woxsen University, Telangana, India
  2. Junior Scholar, School of Technology, Woxsen University, Telangana, India
  3. Junior Scholar, School of Technology, Woxsen University, Telangana, India
  4. Junior Scholar, School of Technology, Woxsen University, Telangana, India

Abstract

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The world’s decreasing oil reserves and increasing energy demands are pushing experts to explore alternative ways of producing premium oils that can replace fossil fuels. Waste-to-energy recovery, which involves converting waste materials into energy, shows great potential for managing waste. Waste plastics, abundant and with a high combustion heat, are attractive for energy conversion. However, the vast use of plastic products, both industrially and domestically, leads to a surge in plastic production and disposal issues, posing environmental threats. Pyrolysis is a highly recommended method to convert plastic into high-quality liquid oil. This thermochemical process decomposes plastic at elevated temperatures in an oxygen-free environment, yielding products such as oil, gas, and char. The resulting oil has a higher energy value than conventional fuels and can be refined for transportation and power generation. This article reviews common plastics, such as polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and how pyrolysis can be used to transform them into oil and electricity. The process not only reduces plastic waste but also provides a sustainable solution for global energy demands. Recent developments in pyrolysis technology, such as thermal and catalytic processes, have shown increased fuel production efficiency and environmental sustainability. The study also highlights how important it is to optimize pyrolysis parameters, including temperature, catalyst type, and reaction duration, in order to improve process efficiency. By combining energy recovery and waste management, pyrolysis offers a scalable, environmentally responsible way to deal with the expanding problem of plastic waste, helping to establish a circular economy. In addition to cutting down on plastic waste, this method generates useful energy resources like gas, oil, and char. It lessens dependency on fossil fuels, promotes sustainable energy sources, and is essential for building a sustainable economy.

Keywords: Plastic waste, Pyrolysis, fuel production, polystyrene (PS), Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE).

[This article belongs to Journal of Polymer and Composites ]

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How to cite this article:
Venkatanarayana Pappula, Karre Saisuvan Reddy, Abhishek Reddy, Monishwar Reddy Vardireddy. Various Methods For Plastic Waste Pyrolysis To Fuels: A Review. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(04):79-93.
How to cite this URL:
Venkatanarayana Pappula, Karre Saisuvan Reddy, Abhishek Reddy, Monishwar Reddy Vardireddy. Various Methods For Plastic Waste Pyrolysis To Fuels: A Review. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(04):79-93. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2025/view=0


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 13
Issue 04
Received 25/03/2025
Accepted 24/05/2025
Published 11/06/2025
Publication Time 78 Days
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