Polymer-Based Ankle-Foot Orthoses: Innovations in Material Selection and Functional Enhancement

Year : 2025 | Volume : 13 | Special Issue 05 | Page : 49 55
    By

    Kashinath D. Sahoo,

  • Sameer Sudhir Karpe,

  1. Associate Professor and Head of Department, Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Krishna College of Physiotherapy, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharshtra, India
  2. Researcher and student, Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Krishna College of Physiotherapy, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharshtra, India

Abstract

Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are critical devices in rehabilitative therapy for patients with foot drop due to neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and cerebral palsy. These conditions impair dorsiflexion, making walking difficult and increasing the risk of falls. Traditional AFOs, often made from rigid thermoplastics, provide support but limit flexibility and patient comfort. Recent advancements in polymer chemistry have introduced innovative materials that enhance the functionality, durability, and effectiveness of AFOs, addressing these limitations. This paper explores the role of polymer-based materials, including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene (PE), in the development of adjustable straps that offer dynamic support and controlled movement. These polymer composites improve mechanical flexibility, strength, and biocompatibility, leading to better patient outcomes. Additionally, we discuss the application of hydrogel-based adhesive electrodes, composed of acrylic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone, for functional electrical stimulation (FES), which aids in muscle activation and rehabilitation. The inclusion of polymer-encapsulated hot and cold packs provides localized thermal therapy, reducing pain and inflammation while improving circulation. Comparative studies highlight the superiority of polymer-enhanced AFOs over conventional models, demonstrating enhanced gait efficiency, increased range of motion, and reduced pain levels. The integration of advanced polymer composites into AFO design marks a significant step forward in medical rehabilitation technology, offering cost-effective, lightweight, and customizable solutions that enhance patient mobility and quality of life.

Keywords: polypropylene, polyethylene, hydrogel electrodes, functional electrical stimulation, polymer composites, neuromuscular, rehabilitation.

[This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer and Composites (jopc)]

How to cite this article:
Kashinath D. Sahoo, Sameer Sudhir Karpe. Polymer-Based Ankle-Foot Orthoses: Innovations in Material Selection and Functional Enhancement. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(05):49-55.
How to cite this URL:
Kashinath D. Sahoo, Sameer Sudhir Karpe. Polymer-Based Ankle-Foot Orthoses: Innovations in Material Selection and Functional Enhancement. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(05):49-55. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2025/view=214425


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Special Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 13
Special Issue 05
Received 28/02/2025
Accepted 31/05/2025
Published 23/06/2025
Publication Time 115 Days
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