Influence of Nozzle Temperature, Nozzle Diameter, and Layer Height on Tensile and Hardness Characteristics of 3D Printed CF-PLA

Open Access

Year : 2025 | Volume : 13 | Special Issue 01 | Page : 674 681
    By

    Karthikeyan R,

  • Pradeep V P,

  • Rajkumar S,

  • Karthikeyan A G,

  • Gobinath K,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr.N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
  2. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr.N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr.N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
  4. Assistant Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Reva University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
  5. Assistant Professor, Department of Automobile Engineering K.S.R College of Engineering, Tiruchengode, India

Abstract

This research investigates the mechanical characterization of CF-PLA (Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polylactic Acid) composite material produced using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology. The study investigates the impact of different machine parameters, like nozzle temperature, nozzle diameter, and layer height, on the tensile property and hardness of CF-PLA specimens. A total of 27 samples were produced, each with different combinations of nozzle temperature (190°C, 200°C, and 210°C), nozzle diameter (0.4mm, 0.5mm, and 0.6mm), and layer height (0.1mm, 0.2mm, and 0.3mm). The specimens mechanical properties were assessed through tensile testing and hardness evaluations. The results indicate that variations in nozzle temperature, nozzle diameter, and layer height significantly influence the mechanical performance of the CF-PLA material. Tensile testing reveals a clear trend of increasing peak load and ultimate tensile strength with higher nozzle temperatures and decreased layer heights, emphasizing the crucial role of printing parameters in mechanical strength. Shore D hardness test results demonstrate consistent hardness values across samples, with average hardness ranging from 79.67 to 82.167. The quantitative analysis underscores the multifaceted nature of CF-PLA materials, where tensile strength is influenced by printing parameters, hardness remains relatively stable. These findings are pivotal for optimizing material compositions and fabrication parameters to tailor mechanical properties for specific applications, ensuring enhanced performance and durability in diverse engineering contexts.

Keywords: Fused deposition modeling, CF-PLA, nozzle diameter, tensile strength, hardness test

[This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer and Composites (jopc)]

aWQ6MTkzODgwfGZpbGVuYW1lOmJlODM0Yjc0LWZpLXBuZy53ZWJwfHNpemU6dGh1bWJuYWls
How to cite this article:
Karthikeyan R, Pradeep V P, Rajkumar S, Karthikeyan A G, Gobinath K. Influence of Nozzle Temperature, Nozzle Diameter, and Layer Height on Tensile and Hardness Characteristics of 3D Printed CF-PLA. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2024; 13(01):674-681.
How to cite this URL:
Karthikeyan R, Pradeep V P, Rajkumar S, Karthikeyan A G, Gobinath K. Influence of Nozzle Temperature, Nozzle Diameter, and Layer Height on Tensile and Hardness Characteristics of 3D Printed CF-PLA. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2024; 13(01):674-681. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2024/view=188467


Browse Figures

References

  1. Askari et al., “Additive manufacturing of metamaterials: A review,” Addit Manuf, vol. 36, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2020.101562.
  2. Zindani and K. Kumar, “An insight into additive manufacturing of fiber reinforced polymer composite,” Dec. 01, 2019, KeAi Publishing Communications Ltd. doi: 10.1016/j.ijlmm.2019.08.004.
  3. Rajaguru, T. Karthikeyan, and V. Vijayan, “Additive manufacturing-State of art,” in Materials Today: Proceedings, Elsevier Ltd, 2020, pp. 628–633. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.728.
  4. N. Ahmad and A. Yahya, “Effects of 3D Printing Parameters on Mechanical Properties of ABS Samples,” Designs (Basel), vol. 7, no. 6, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.3390/designs7060136.
  5. J. Chong et al., “Biodegradable PLA-ZnO nanocomposite biomaterials with antibacterial properties, tissue engineering viability, and enhanced biocompatibility,” Smart Materials in Manufacturing, vol. 1, p. 100004, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.smmf.2022.100004.
  6. N. Ahmad and A. Yahya, “Effects of 3D Printing Parameters on Mechanical Properties of ABS Samples,” Designs (Basel), vol. 7, no. 6, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.3390/designs7060136.
  7. Caputo, O. Rashwan, D. Waryoba, and K. McDade, “Surface texture and thermo-mechanical properties of material extruded and ironed polylactic acid,” Addit Manuf, vol. 59, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2022.103084.
  8. Karthikeyan, V. P. Pradeep, S. Rajkumar, and K. Gobinath, “Effect of Combined Internal Structure on Mechanical Properties of FDM 3D Printed Parts,” Materials Science Forum, vol. 1120, pp. 61–67, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.4028/p-wgqyy2.
  9. Rodríguez-Panes, J. Claver, and A. M. Camacho, “The influence of manufacturing parameters on the mechanical behaviour of PLA and ABS pieces manufactured by FDM: A comparative analysis,” Materials, vol. 11, no. 8, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.3390/ma11081333.
  10. Alafaghani and A. Qattawi, “Investigating the effect of fused deposition modeling processing parameters using Taguchi design of experiment method,” J Manuf Process, vol. 36, pp. 164–174, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.09.025.
  11. Sala, S. Regondi, S. Graziosi, and R. Pugliese, “Insights into the printing parameters and characterization of thermoplastic polyurethane soft triply periodic minimal surface and honeycomb lattices for broadening material extrusion applicability,” Addit Manuf, vol. 58, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2022.102976.
  12. Hasanov, A. Gupta, A. Nasirov, and I. Fidan, “Mechanical characterization of functionally graded materials produced by the fused filament fabrication process,” J Manuf Process, vol. 58, pp. 923–935, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.09.011.
  13. R. C. Dizon, A. H. Espera, Q. Chen, and R. C. Advincula, “Mechanical characterization of 3D-printed polymers,” Mar. 01, 2018, Elsevier B.V. doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2017.12.002.
  14. R. C. Dizon, A. H. Espera, Q. Chen, and R. C. Advincula, “Mechanical characterization of 3D-printed polymers,” Mar. 01, 2018, Elsevier B.V. doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2017.12.002.
  15. Nasirov and I. Fidan, “Prediction of mechanical properties of fused filament fabricated structures via asymptotic homogenization,” Mechanics of Materials, vol. 145, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.mechmat.2020.103372.
Special Issue Open Access Original Research
Volume 13
Special Issue 01
Received 22/08/2024
Accepted 05/10/2024
Published 14/11/2024
369

Login


My IP

PlumX Metrics