Bibhuti Bhusan Nayak,
Md Sahariar Hossain,
Tamanna Gautam,
- Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Sikkim, India
- Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Sikkim, India
- Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Sikkim, India
Abstract
Road traffic deaths caused by driver distraction and inadequate surroundings remain a big problem for preventable deaths. This paper talks about designing and testing an affordable, easy-to-copy Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system. It uses LiDAR-ultrasonic sensors to figure out how far things are in front of the car, and a servo-actuated, dynamically scanned blind spot detector. All of this runs on a single Arduino Uno. To measure front distance, they use both a Benewake TF-Mini LiDAR and an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor. The team combines the data from these using the minimum-selection rule and filter out implausible readings. This info is then mapped to motor drive using a simple control law where speed adjusts based on distance. A cool part of the project was figuring out how to work around the Timer 1 issue with libraries for controlling motors and servos. By creating a custom routine for the servos, they managed to run all four-wheel motors and back scanners at the same time. Their tests show a speed command error of just 2.4 PWM units, which is only about 1% off. Also, it detects blind spots perfectly, without any false alarms, and works great on different surfaces too. Best of all, they did it for under $50 extra
Keywords: Adaptive cruise control, sensor fusion, LiDAR, ultrasonic ranging, blind-spot detection, bit-banged PWM, Arduino, embedded systems, ADAS.
[This article belongs to Journal of Mechatronics and Automation ]
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Journal of Mechatronics and Automation
| Volume | 13 | |
| Issue | 02 | |
| Received | 17/07/2026 | |
| Accepted | 11/08/2026 | |
| Published | 27/08/2026 | |
| Publication Time | 41 Days |