AI and IoT in Sustainable Agriculture: A Review

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 02 | Page : 32 45
    By

    Rohit Sandip Birdawade,

  • Shreya Sanjay Bhosale,

  • Athrava Gajanan Dabhole,

  • Niranjan Shrikrishna Bansode,

  • Sanjay Bapuso Patil,

  1. student, Department of Computer Engineering, Dnyanpeeth’s SCSCOE Pune, Maharashtra, India
  2. student, Department of Computer Engineering, Dnyanpeeth’s SCSCOE Pune, Maharashtra, India
  3. student, Department of Computer Engineering, Dnyanpeeth’s SCSCOE Pune, Maharashtra, India
  4. student, Department of Computer Engineering, Dnyanpeeth’s SCSCOE Pune, Maharashtra, India
  5. Student, Department of Computer Engineering, Rajgad Dnyanpeeth’s SCSCOE, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) integration have transformed the world of sustainable agriculture, presenting new ways of resource optimization, increasing crop yields, and making environmental sustainability more accessible. The current literature review analyzes the applications of AI and IoT in three significant agricultural systems: aquaponics, hydroponics, and poultry farming. By critically analyzing recent studies, this paper emphasizes how deep learning- enabled computer vision techniques allow for the precise monitoring and management of greenhouse environments by overcoming issues like data scarcity and environmental variability. In addition, the review focuses on IoT-driven advancements in hydroponic and aquaponic systems, focusing on sensor integration, real-time data processing, and machine learning algorithms that predict nutrient requirements and optimize growth conditions. In the poultry farming context, the use of AI models in environmental control and disease detection can contribute to the reduction of labor dependency and the enhancement of animal welfare. The identified challenges include the need for domain-specific AI adaptations, robust security protocols for IoT infrastructures, and scalability of integrated systems. It further indicates future research directions, such as multi-modal sensor fusion, edge computing for real-time analytics, and user-friendly platforms that would make it accessible to a wider audience among farmers. Synthesizing the current advancements and the gaps in them, this paper provides
researchers and practitioners with insights into how to utilize AI and IoT in agriculture for sustainability and efficiency.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT), sustainable agriculture, aquaponics, hydroponics, poultry farming, smart greenhouses, machine learning, precision agriculture, IoT-driven systems

[This article belongs to Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations ]

How to cite this article:
Rohit Sandip Birdawade, Shreya Sanjay Bhosale, Athrava Gajanan Dabhole, Niranjan Shrikrishna Bansode, Sanjay Bapuso Patil. AI and IoT in Sustainable Agriculture: A Review. Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations. 2025; 15(02):32-45.
How to cite this URL:
Rohit Sandip Birdawade, Shreya Sanjay Bhosale, Athrava Gajanan Dabhole, Niranjan Shrikrishna Bansode, Sanjay Bapuso Patil. AI and IoT in Sustainable Agriculture: A Review. Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations. 2025; 15(02):32-45. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/joiti/article=2025/view=209903


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 15
Issue 02
Received 14/04/2025
Accepted 07/04/2025
Published 10/05/2025
Publication Time 26 Days
338

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