Leela Kaur
Manasi Maru
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive investigation of dioxin, an endocrine-disrupting compound, and
its impacts on environment and human health. Dioxin have antagonistic effects on hormones. It is
pivotal to identify the origin of dioxin exposure for the well-being of environment and human health.
Hence, the sources of dioxin, its dispersion, concentrations in air, water and soil medias, and health
effects are discussed in detail. Endocrine disrupting compounds are categorized into 5 types namely,
xenoestrogens, phthalates, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), poly chlorinated biphenyl (PCB)
and bisphenol. Dioxins are complex organic chemicals (persistent organic pollutants) with diverse
effects on various cell types, tissues, and living organisms. They have carcinogenic characteristics. The
prime sources of dioxins are combustion, incineration, reservoir, and industrial release. Once entered
in the environment, dioxin can bioaccumulate and biomagnify in living systems. Henceforth,
remediation of dioxin from water, soil, air and living organisms is much needed. Bioremediation is one
of the best alternatives to degrade dioxins from the media by using microorganisms. It is a clean, green,
cost-effective, and sustainable approach. Dehalo coccoides bacteria are known to dechlorinate certain
dioxin congeners. Phanerochaete chrysosporium (white-rot fungi) produces dioxin degrading enzymes.
The other dioxin remediation methods are composting, microbial consortia bioaugmentation,
incineration, and stabilization. Presently the cumulative potential of nano particles and microbes is
being utilized in dioxin degradation which is known as nano-bioremediation. The treatment of dioxins
would become efficient with advancement in bioremediation methods. The paper can be utilized by
decision makers to control dioxin release and create awareness among the people.
Keywords: Dioxin, Persistent Organic Pollutant, Endocrine Disruptor, Toxicity, Environmental Pollution
[This article belongs to Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering(joise)]
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Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 01 |
| Received | May 13, 2024 |
| Accepted | May 23, 2024 |
| Published | May 24, 2024 |
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