Geotechnical Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Subgrade Materials in Road Construction

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Geotechnical engineering plays a pivotal role in the design, construction, and long-term maintenance of infrastructure, particularly in road construction, where subgrade conditions are directly linked to pavement performance, durability, and overall structural integrity. The performance of a road is heavily influenced by the geotechnical properties of the subgrade, making it essential to thoroughly assess these properties in the planning and construction phases. This study comprehensively investigates the geotechnical characteristics and performance of subgrade materials used in road construction, with a particular focus on enhancing the sustainability, resilience, and longevity of road infrastructure, especially in regions with diverse and challenging soil types. Soil samples were carefully extracted from varying depths and multiple locations along a proposed highway section and subjected to detailed laboratory analyses. Key parameters evaluated include moisture content, particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, compaction characteristics, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR), all of which are critical in determining the suitability of subgrade soils for supporting road pavements. The results highlight the substantial impact of subgrade properties on pavement design and long-term performance, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions such as material stabilization, advanced drainage control measures, and effective moisture management techniques. These recommendations are particularly vital in regions where problematic soil conditions, such as expansive clays or highly plastic soils, can significantly contribute to premature pavement failures. This research offers valuable insights and practical recommendations that could lead to more efficient road construction practices and facilitate the design of more resilient and durable pavements, even in the face of complex geotechnical challenges.

References
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