A Review on Life Cycle Assessment of Solar Photovoltaic Electricity Generation Systems

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Year : 2026 | Volume : 17 | 01 | Page :
    By

    Mr. Himanshu Kumar,

  • Akash Gaud,

  1. Associate Professor, Department Of Electrical Engineering Bansal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  2. Student, Department Of Electrical Engineering, Bansal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

A popular system for calculating the environmental effects of energy systems from conception to death is life cycle assessment, or LCA. As a low-carbon generation technology, solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have fast spread throughout the world. The various PV technologies (monocrystalline, polycrystalline, thin-film), system scales (residential, commercial, utility), industrial locations, balance of system (BOS) configurations, and end-of-life (EoL) scenarios are all covered in this review of published life cycle assessment (LCA) lessons on solar PV electricity generation. A thorough synthesis of published life cycle assessment (LCA) studies on solar PV energy generation is given in this review. In addition to analyzing various system scales like residential rooftop installations, commercial applications, and large-scale utility plants, it covers a wide range of PV technologies, such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and thin-film modules. The evaluation also takes into account differences in end-of-life scenarios, such as recycling and disposal routes, balance of system (BOS) topologies, and manufacturing sites. Comparisons are made between major effect categories, borders, inventory assumptions, and average greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions per kWh. Common hotspots (module manufacturing and BOS), the impact of lifetime, capacity factor, and recycling, and methodological differences (allocation, system boundaries, data sources) that cause result heterogeneity are also highlighted in the review. Significant proposals are made for prospective study instructions, data transparency, and reliable LCA practice.

Keywords: End-of-life (EoL), Surrounding hotspots, greenhouse gas emissions, solar Photoelectric, photovoltaic modules, life cycle assessment (LCA).

How to cite this article:
Mr. Himanshu Kumar, Akash Gaud. A Review on Life Cycle Assessment of Solar Photovoltaic Electricity Generation Systems. Journal of Control & Instrumentation. 2026; 17(01):-.
How to cite this URL:
Mr. Himanshu Kumar, Akash Gaud. A Review on Life Cycle Assessment of Solar Photovoltaic Electricity Generation Systems. Journal of Control & Instrumentation. 2026; 17(01):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/joci/article=2026/view=238751


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Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume 17
01
Received 25/12/2025
Accepted 20/01/2026
Published 18/03/2026
Publication Time 83 Days
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