Gesture Vocalizer Using Arduino

[{“box”:0,”content”:”n[if 992 equals=”Open Access”]n

n

n

n

Open Access

nn

n

n[/if 992]n[if 2704 equals=”Yes”]n

n

Notice

nThis is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.n

n[/if 2704]n

n

Year : 2025 [if 2224 equals=””]26/09/2025 at 11:29 AM[/if 2224] | [if 1553 equals=””] Volume : 15 [else] Volume : 15[/if 1553] | [if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue : [/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] 03 | Page : 14 25

n

n

nn

n

n

n

    By

    n

    [foreach 286]n

    n

    Tuneer Sen Sarma, Rupendra Singh Chahar,

    n t

  • n

    n[/foreach]

    n

n[if 2099 not_equal=”Yes”]n

    [foreach 286] [if 1175 not_equal=””]n t

  1. Student, Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Echelon Institute of Technology, Faridabad, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Echelon Institute of Technology, Faridabad, Haryana, Haryana, India, India

    2. n[/if 1175][/foreach]

n[/if 2099][if 2099 equals=”Yes”][/if 2099]n

n

Abstract

n

n

nScience and technology have been an indispensable part of our lives, driving innovation and transforming the way we communicate. Communication barriers between the hearing-impaired and the hearing population pose significant challenges in daily interactions. Sign language, a primary mode of communication for the deaf and mute communities, is not universally understood by the general public. This research work presents a novel system for real-time sign language to speech conversion, aiming to bridge this communication gap. The system utilizes flex sensors and an accelerometer mounted on a glove to detect finger bending and hand movements corresponding to specific sign language gestures. These sensor readings are processed through conditional logic programmed into the Arduino to match predefined sign patterns, which are then converted into audible speech via a speaker module. This approach eliminates the need for complex machine learning models, making the system cost-effective, efficient, and easier to implement. The design emphasizes real-time performance, portability, and ease of use, offering a practical solution for enhancing communication between signers and non-signers and fostering greater inclusivity in society.nn

n

n

n

Keywords: Sign language, arduino, flex sensors, sound glove, accelerometer, deaf, mute, real-time performing

n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems ]

n

[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems (joces)][/if 424][if 424 equals=”Conference”]This article belongs to Conference [/if 424]

n

n

n

How to cite this article:
nTuneer Sen Sarma, Rupendra Singh Chahar. [if 2584 equals=”][226 wpautop=0 striphtml=1][else]Gesture Vocalizer Using Arduino[/if 2584]. Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems. 22/09/2025; 15(03):14-25.

n

How to cite this URL:
nTuneer Sen Sarma, Rupendra Singh Chahar. [if 2584 equals=”][226 striphtml=1][else]Gesture Vocalizer Using Arduino[/if 2584]. Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems. 22/09/2025; 15(03):14-25. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/joces/article=22/09/2025/view=0

nn

n

n[if 992 equals=”Open Access”]Full Text PDF[/if 992]n

n

n[if 992 not_equal=”Open Access”]n

n

n[/if 992]n

nn

nnn

n[if 379 not_equal=””]nn

Browse Figures

n

n

n[foreach 379]

figures

[/foreach]n

n

n

n[/if 379]

n

n

n

n

n

References n

n[if 1104 equals=””]n

  1. Dupire J, Boude Y. Lessons from Helen Keller: How to Make the Comics Accessible?. In Association for the Advancement of Assistive Technology in Europe conference (Vol. 242). 2017 Sep 11.
  2. Jhunjhunwala Y, Pooja S, Pradnya P, Jyoti W. Sign language to speech conversion using arduino. International Journal of Recent Innovation in Engineering and Research January-2017 (URIER). 2017 Jan; 37–44.
  3. Vijayalakshmi P, Aarthi M. Sign language to speech conversion. In 2016 IEEE international conference on recent trends in information technology (ICRTIT). 2016 Apr 8; 1–6.
  4. Bansode A. Flex sensor based glove to control wheel chair and sign language translator for speech impaired people. Available at SSRN 3632705. 2020 Feb 22.
  5. Kadam SR, Pawar SN. Development of Cost Effective Motion Capture System based on Arduino. In 2020 IEEE Fourth International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC). 2020 Mar 11; 1–6.
  6. Khetavath S, Sendhilkumar NC, Mukunthan P, Jana S, Gopalakrishnan S, Malliga L, Chand SR, Farhaoui Y. An intelligent heuristic manta-ray foraging optimization and adaptive extreme learning machine for hand gesture image recognition. Big Data Min Anal. 2023 Apr 7; 6(3): 321–35.
  7. Ong SC, Ranganath S. Automatic sign language analysis: A survey and the future beyond lexical meaning. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell. 2005 Jun 1; 27(06): 873–91.
  8. Karim S, Shakir M, Sheikh A, Memon S, Mustafa H, Kumar V. A Novel Eye-Tracking Device Designed with a Head Gesture Control Module. EAI Endorsed Trans Scalable Inf Syst. 2022 Jan 1; 9(34): e10.
  9. Khoh WH, Pang YH, Ooi SY, Yap HY. Spatiotemporal spectral histogramming analysis in hand gesture signature recognition. J Intell Fuzzy Syst. 2021 Mar 2; 40(3): 4275–86.
  10. Kumar R, Kalinathan L, Murugan JM. Enhancing Real-Time Gesture Recognition Systems for Virtual Reality Applications Using Deep Learning Techniques. In International Conference on Data & Information Sciences. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore; 2024 May 24; 263–272.
  11. Karthiga E, Fathimal MS, Gowthami N, Madura P, Babu MP. Sign Language to Speech Using Arduino Uno. In National Conference on Biomedical Signal and Image Processing (BSIP-2018), Proc IJSPR. 2018 Mar; 53–55.
  12. Jhunjhunwala Y, Pooja S, Pradnya P, Jyoti W. Sign language to speech conversion using arduino. International Journal of Recent Innovation in Engineering and Research . 2017 Jan; 2(01):37–44.
  13. Chandra KR. Smart glove for sign language translation using Arduino. Doctoral dissertation, Bachelor’s thesis. ANIL Neerukonda Institute of Technology and Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam. 2021.
  14. Cameron N, Cameron N, Pao P. Arduino Applied. New York, NY, USA: Apress; 2019.
  15. Saggio G, Orengo G. Flex sensor characterization against shape and curvature changes. Sens Actuators A: Phys. 2018 Apr 15; 273: 221–31.
  16. Teradal MK, Karwa MM, Nikhil M, Kumar N, Raihan MR. Design and simulation of MEMS based capacitive accelerometers for crash detection and airbag deployment in automobile. Int J Eng Res Technol. 2021; 10(8): 100–21.
  17. pavanakp1904. (2024). Basics of Bluetooth Module. [Online]. LearnElectronics India. Available from: https://www.learnelectronicsindia.com/post/basics-of-bluetooth-module?srsltid=AfmBOoov 7mbXvahwjeNpKeDWr5pKS0mhINwZYnROCvlbqOOp5zvDNeWj.
  18. Warren JD, Adams J, Molle H. Arduino for robotics. In: Arduino robotics. Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2011 Jul 14; 51–82.
  19. Sharma A, Panda S, Verma S. Sign language to speech translation. In 2020 IEEE 11th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT). 2020 Jul 1; 1–8.
  20. Abougarair AJ, Arebi W. Smart glove for sign language translation. Int Rob Auto J. 2022; 8(3): 109–17.
  21. Al Rakib MA, Rahman MM, Anik MS, Masud FA, Rahman MA, Islam S, Abbas FI. Arduino Uno based voice conversion system for dumb people. European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research. 2022 Apr 11; 7(2): 118–23.
  22. Abraham A, Rohini V. Real time conversion of sign language to speech and prediction of gestures using Artificial Neural Network. Procedia Comput Sci. 2018 Jan 1; 143: 587–94.
  23. Mundewadi SA, Dindore PN, Kamurti LB, Arole KV, Gurav VV. Sign language to speech conversion and home automation. Int Res J Mod Eng Technol Sci. 2023;05(01): 249–51.
  24. Shaheen H, Mehmood T. Talking gloves: Low-cost gesture recognition system for sign language translation. In 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp). 2018 Jul 4; 219–224.
  25. Chandra MM, Rajkumar S, Kumar LS. Sign languages to speech conversion prototype using the SVM classifier. In TENCON 2019-2019 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON). 2019 Oct 17; 1803–1807.
  26. Kumar DN, Madhukar M, Prabhakara A, Marathe AV, Bharadwaj SS. Sign Language to Speech Conversion—An Assistive System for Speech Impaired. In 2019 IEEE 1st International Conference on Advanced Technologies in Intelligent Control, Environment, Computing & Communication Engineering (ICATIECE). 2019 Mar 19; 272–275.
  27. Pandey U, Kumar V, Kaushik S, Kumari M. IoT-assisted gesture-to-audio conversion system for enhancing accessibility in speech-impaired users. In 2024 IEEE 5th India Council International Subsections Conference (INDISCON). 2024 Aug 22; 1–5.
  28. Sparsha U, Priyanka M, Mukthashree S, Kiran KN. System for sign language to speech conversion. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Technologies in Computing, Electrical and Electronics (IITCEE). 2024 Jan 24; 1–4.
  29. Arif A, Rizvi ST, Jawaid I, Waleed MA, Shakeel MR. Techno-talk: An american sign language (asl) translator. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT). 2016 Apr 6; 665–670.
  30. Arvind S, Gayatri CH, Kumar GA, Krishna R. Sign Language Conversion into Text and Speech using Flex Sensors. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Algorithms for Computational Intelligence Systems (IACIS). 2024 Aug 23; 1–6.
  31. Al Othaina N, Al Shammari S, Ghonim H, Shehadeh M. Sign language translator. Salmiya (KW): American University of Kuwait; 2024. p. 14–35.

nn[/if 1104][if 1104 not_equal=””]n

    [foreach 1102]n t

  1. [if 1106 equals=””], [/if 1106][if 1106 not_equal=””],[/if 1106]

    2. n[/foreach]

n[/if 1104]

n

nn[if 1114 equals=”Yes”]n

n[/if 1114]

n

n

[if 424 not_equal=””]Regular Issue[else]Published[/if 424] Subscription Review Article

n

n

[if 2146 equals=”Yes”][/if 2146][if 2146 not_equal=”Yes”][/if 2146]n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n[if 1748 not_equal=””]

[else]

[/if 1748]n

n[if 1746 equals=”Retracted”]n

n

n

n

[/if 1746]n[if 4734 not_equal=””]

n

n

n

[/if 4734]n

n

Volume 15
[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] 03
Received 28/06/2025
Accepted 06/08/2025
Published 22/09/2025
Retracted
Publication Time 86 Days

n

n

125

nn

n

Login

n
My IP
n

PlumX Metrics

nn

n

n

n[if 1746 equals=”Retracted”]n

[/if 1746]nnn

nnn”}]