Green Chemistry Techniques used in The synthesis of Organic and Biochemical Compounds


Notice

This is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.

Year : 2025 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 02 | Page : 01-9
    By

    Nagham Mahmood Aljamali,

  1. Professor, College of Engineering, Al- Musayab, University of Babylon, , Iraq

Abstract

document.addEventListener(‘DOMContentLoaded’,function(){frmFrontForm.scrollToID(‘frm_container_abs_160968’);});Edit Abstract & Keyword

Green chemistry is closely related to “the design of chemical products and processes that specifically eliminate the use or generation of substances that are hazardous to humans, animals, plants, and the environment.” Green chemistry contains 12 principles that guide how a chemical is produced and used in a green and sustainable way, reducing pollution. Sustainable chemistry is a scientific concept that seeks to improve the efficiency with which natural resources are used to meet human needs for chemical products and services. Sustainable chemistry involves the design, manufacture, and use of chemical products and processes that are efficient, effective, safe, and more environmentally benign. Chemical pollution is extremely dangerous, and the danger of chemicals is not limited to the waste resulting from their manufacture or the way they are disposed of, but rather to the entire manufacturing process and its products. Chemicals that have no equivalent in terms of their structure and the nature of their chemical bonds in the bodies of living organisms are considered highly toxic, such as organometallic materials that include one or more chemical bonds between a metal and an organic compound, in addition to many forms and types of compounds and materials that are produced and placed in the environment of our planet and its biosphere without taking into account the long-term effects of this. From a purely scientific point of view, the great development in chemical sciences has led to the production of materials that did not exist before, and this is an amazing human achievement, but this progress, which has been proven to be transformed into huge industries that produce huge amounts of waste and materials that lead to the slow destruction of our planet, must remain confined to laboratories and classrooms, and scientific and technological development must be used to direct scientific research towards solving the current problem, which is the destruction caused by chemical industries to the Earth’s biosphere, whether through fertilizers or pesticides and herbicides that lead to the complete destruction of the biological system in the region for a limited economic goal related to increasing crops by a certain percentage in exchange for the loss of soil, or through the waste that factories dispose of in rivers or ponds so that it can find its way to groundwater and thus cause environmental pollution.

Keywords: green chemistry, synthesis, organic, pollution, environment, photo.

[This article belongs to Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis (jocc)]

How to cite this article:
Nagham Mahmood Aljamali. Green Chemistry Techniques used in The synthesis of Organic and Biochemical Compounds. Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis. 2025; 12(02):01-9.
How to cite this URL:
Nagham Mahmood Aljamali. Green Chemistry Techniques used in The synthesis of Organic and Biochemical Compounds. Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis. 2025; 12(02):01-9. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jocc/article=2025/view=0


document.addEventListener(‘DOMContentLoaded’,function(){frmFrontForm.scrollToID(‘frm_container_ref_160968’);});Edit

References

  1. Bose, A.K.; Manhas, M.S.; Ghosh, M.; Shah, M.; Raju, V.S.; Bari, S.S.; Newaz, S.N.; Banik, B.K.; Chaudhary, A.G.; Barakat, K.J. Microwave-Induced Organic Reaction Enhancement Chemistry. 2. Simplified Techniques. J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 6968–6970.
  2. Pan, H.; Yao, C.; Yao, S.; Yang, W.; Wu, W.; Guo, D. A Metabolomics Strategy for Authentication of Plant Medicines with Multiple Botanical Origins: A Case Study of Uncariae Rammulus Cum Uncis. J. Sep. Sci. 2020, 43, 1043–1050. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901064.
  3. Mahmood, N.A. Effect of Conditions and Catalysis on Products. Eliva Press SRL, 2021, 1st Ed., ISBN: 9781636482286.
  4. Gaul, D.A.; Mezencev, R.; Long, T.Q.; Jones, C.M.; Benigno, B.B.; Gray, A.; Fernández, F.M.; McDonald, J.F. Highly-Accurate Metabolomic Detection of Early-Stage Ovarian Cancer. Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 16351. DOI: 10.1038/srep16351.
  5. Mahmood, N.A. Alternative Methods in Organic Synthesis. Eliva Press SRL, 2020, 1st Ed., ISBN: 9798680201176.
  6. Nagham, M.A. The Various Preparation Methods in Synthetic Chemistry. Evincepub Publishing House, 2019, 1st Ed., ISBN: 978-93-88277-82-2.
  7. Alsbr, I.K.A.; Abdullabass, H.K.; Mahmood, N.A. Invention of (Gluta-Sulfazane-Cefixime) Compounds as Inhibitors of Cancerous Tumors. J. Cardiovasc. Dis. Res. 2020, 11(2), 44–55.
  8. Nagham, M.A. Synthesis of Antifungal Chemical Compounds from Fluconazole with (Pharma-Chemical) Studying. Res. J. Pharm. Biol. Chem. Sci. 2017, 8(3), 564–573.
  9. Hall, L.M.; Hill, D.W.; Bugden, K.; Cawley, S.; Hall, L.H.; Chen, M.-H.; Grant, D.F. Development of a Reverse Phase HPLC Retention Index Model for Nontargeted Metabolomics Using Synthetic Compounds. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2018, 58, 591–604. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00496.
  10. Tada, R.; Chavda, N.; Shah, M.K. Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives and Their Transition Metal Complexes. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 2011, 3, 290–297.
  11. Mahmood, N.A. Synthesis and Biological Study of Hetero (Atoms and Cycles) Compounds. Der Pharma Chemica, 2016, 8(6), 40–48.
  12. Abdullabass, H.K.; Jawad, A.M.; Mahmood, N.A. Synthesis of Drug Derivatives as Inhibitors of Cancerous Cells. Biochem. Cell Arch., 2020, 20(2), DOI: https://connectjournals.com/03896.2020.20.5315.
  13. Aljamali, N.M.; Alfatlawi, I.O. Synthesis of Sulfur Heterocyclic Compounds and Study of Expected Biological Activity. Res. J. Pharm. Technol., 2015, 8(9), 1225–1242. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00224.3.
  14. Mahmood, N.A.; Alsbr, I.A. Development of Trimethoprim Drug and Innovation of Sulfazane-Trimethoprim Derivatives as Anticancer Agents. Biomed. Pharmacol. J., 2020, 13(2), 613–625.
  15. Alfatlawi, I.O.; Mahmood, N.A.; Nuha, S.S.; Zainab, M.J. Synthesis of New Organic Compounds via Three-Component Reaction with Identification, Thermal Behavior, and Bioactivity on Bacteria of Teeth. J. Global Pharma Technol., 2017, 11(9), 157–164.
  16. Mahmood, N.A.; Jawd, S.M.; Zainab, M.J.; Alfatlawi, I.O. Inhibition Activity of (Azo–Acetyl Acetone) on Mouth Bacteria. Res. J. Pharm. Technol., 2017, 10(6), 1683–1686. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2017.00297.9.
  17. Jawad, F.; Aljamali, N.M. Preparation, Investigation, and Study of Biological Applications of Tyrosine Derivatives against Breast Cancer Cells. NeuroQuantology, 2021, 19(9), 117–125. DOI: 10.14704/nq.2021.19.9.NQ21144.
  18. Jawad, A.M.; Nagham, M.A.; Jawd, S.M. Development and Preparation of Ciprofloxacin Drug Derivatives for Treatment of Microbial Contamination in Hospitals and Environment. Indian J. Forensic Med. Toxicol., 2020, 14(2), 1115–1122.
  19. Kalapala, V.; Banothu, V.; Chandra, S.K.B. Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives and Their Transition Metal Complexes. J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2015, 7, 437–445.
  20. Mokrani, T.; van Reenen, A.; Amer, I. Molecular Weight and Tacticity Effect on Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Ziegler–Natta Catalyzed Isotactic Polypropylenes. Polímeros, 2015, 25(6), 556–563. DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.2158.
  21. Aljamali, N.M.; Alfatlawi, I.O. Preparation and Biological Study of New Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from Thiazole. Res. J. Pharm. Technol., 2016, 9(3), 277–286. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2016.00051.9.
  22. Aljamali, N.M. Study of Some Bacterial Activity of New Hetro-Polymers Derived from 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives. Res. J. Pharm. Biol. Chem. Sci., 2016, 7(6), 3053–3061.
  23. Jawad, A.M.; Mahmood, N.A. Synthesis and Characterization of a New Class of Coumarin Derivatives as Potential Antibacterial Agents. Indian J. Forensic Med. Toxicol., 2021, 15(1), 2100–2107.
  24. Mahmood, N.A.; Alsbr, I.K.A. A Study on the Biological Activity of Some Newly Synthesized Schiff Bases Derived from Sulfazane. Biomed. Pharmacol. J., 2018, 11(3), 1479–1488.
  25. Alsbr, I.K.A.; Mahmood, N.A. Preparation and Spectroscopic Characterization of Some New Heterocyclic Derivatives from Benzimidazole. Res. J. Pharm. Technol., 2019, 12(8), 3572–3579. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2019.00607.7.
  26. Jawad, F.; Aljamali, N.M. Synthesis and Antioxidant Evaluation of Some Novel Pyrimidine Derivatives. Asian J. Chem., 2020, 32(6), 1312–1318. DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2020.22644.
  27. Mahmood, N.A.; Abdullabass, H.K. Development and Synthesis of New Oxazepine Derivatives with Expected Biological Activity. J. Cardiovasc. Dis. Res., 2020, 11(4), 56–63.
  28. Aljamali, N.M.; Alfatlawi, I.O. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Pyrimidine Derivatives with Potential Antitumor Activity. Res. J. Pharm. Technol., 2017, 10(7), 2412–2419. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2017.00429.4.
  29. Kalapala, V.; Banothu, V.; Chandra, S.K.B. Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Complexes Derived from Schiff Base Ligands. J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2016, 8(5), 372–379.
  30. Mokrani, T.; van Reenen, A.; Amer, I. Effect of Molecular Structure on Catalytic Activity of Metallocene Catalysts. Polímeros, 2017, 27(2), 115–123. DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.08916.
  31. Jawad, F.; Aljamali, N.M. Investigation of New Pyrazole-Based Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents. NeuroQuantology, 2021, 19(11), 203–210. DOI: 10.14704/nq.2021.19.11.NQ21178.
  32. Alfatlawi, I.O.; Mahmood, N.A. Development of Quinazoline Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents. J. Global Pharma Technol., 2018, 12(5), 67–75.
  33. Jawad, A.M.; Aljamali, N.M. Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of New Heterocyclic Compounds from Thiazole Derivatives. Indian J. Forensic Med. Toxicol., 2019, 13(2), 1556–1563.
  34. Mahmood, N.A. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Bioactive Coumarin Derivatives. Eliva Press SRL, 2022, 1st Ed., ISBN: 9781636482286.
  35. Kalapala, V.; Banothu, V.; Chandra, S.K.B. Catalytic Applications of New Schiff Base Complexes in Organic Synthesis. J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2018, 10(3), 290–297.
  36. Mokrani, T.; Amer, I. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Organometallic Complexes with Potential Catalytic Activity. Polímeros, 2019, 29(4), 556–567. DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.2019.0294.
  37. Jawad, F.; Aljamali, N.M. New Insights into the Antimicrobial Activity of Functionalized Pyrimidine Derivatives. NeuroQuantology, 2022, 20(1), 122–130. DOI: 10.14704/nq.2022.20.1.NQ22112.
  38. Mahmood, N.A.; Abdullabass, H.K. Green Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocyclic Derivatives. J. Cardiovasc. Dis. Res., 2021, 12(3), 78–85.
  39. Aljamali, N.M.; Alfatlawi, I.O. Preparation and Study of Anticancer Properties of Novel Benzimidazole Derivatives. Res. J. Pharm. Technol., 2018, 11(10), 3291–3298. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00589.9.
  40. Kalapala, V.; Banothu, V.; Chandra, S.K.B. Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of New Transition Metal Complexes. J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2020, 12(1), 45–53.
  41. Mokrani, T.; Amer, I. Effect of Metal Substituents on the Performance of Ziegler–Natta Catalysts in Polymerization. Polímeros, 2021, 31(2), 213–221. DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.2021.0312.
  42. Jawad, F.; Aljamali, N.M. Design and Synthesis of Novel Indole Derivatives with Antibacterial Properties. NeuroQuantology, 2023, 21(5), 87–94. DOI: 10.14704/nq.2023.21.5.NQ23145.
Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 12
Issue 02
Received 01/02/2025
Accepted 10/02/2025
Published 11/02/2025
185