A Detailed Review on Intelligent and Robust Control Strategies for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles with Emphasis on Navigation, Path Tracking, and Stability Enhancement

Year : 2025 | Volume : 03 | Issue : 02 | Page : 28 52
    By

    Linkan Priyadarsini,

  • Shubhasri Kundu,

  • Manoj Kumar Maharana,

  • Bibhu Prasad Ganthia,

  1. Research Scholar, School of Electrical Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
  2. Assistant Professor, School of Electrical Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
  3. Associate Professor, School of Electrical Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
  4. Assistant Professor, School of Electrical Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Abstract

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) have gained significant attention due to their applications in ocean exploration, underwater surveillance, environmental monitoring, and offshore industries. The control of AUVs presents various challenges due to the highly dynamic and uncertain underwater environment, nonlinear hydrodynamics, and external disturbances. This review paper explores various control strategies employed for AUVs, including classical control methods such as Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers, modern techniques like Model Predictive Control (MPC), and intelligent control approaches utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Reinforcement Learning (RL). The study compares these techniques in terms of stability, robustness, adaptability, and energy efficiency. Additionally, hybrid control frameworks that integrate multiple strategies for enhanced performance are discussed. The paper aims to provide insights into the latest advancements in AUV control and future research directions for improving their autonomy and operational efficiency.

Keywords: Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), Control Strategies, Proportional- Integral-Derivative (PID) Control, Model Predictive Control (MPC), Adaptive Control, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Reinforcement Learning (RL), Hybrid Control, Underwater Robotics, Nonlinear Hydrodynamics, Ocean Exploration.

[This article belongs to International Journal of Electronics Automation ]

How to cite this article:
Linkan Priyadarsini, Shubhasri Kundu, Manoj Kumar Maharana, Bibhu Prasad Ganthia. A Detailed Review on Intelligent and Robust Control Strategies for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles with Emphasis on Navigation, Path Tracking, and Stability Enhancement. International Journal of Electronics Automation. 2025; 03(02):28-52.
How to cite this URL:
Linkan Priyadarsini, Shubhasri Kundu, Manoj Kumar Maharana, Bibhu Prasad Ganthia. A Detailed Review on Intelligent and Robust Control Strategies for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles with Emphasis on Navigation, Path Tracking, and Stability Enhancement. International Journal of Electronics Automation. 2025; 03(02):28-52. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijea/article=2025/view=235245


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 03
Issue 02
Received 08/10/2025
Accepted 09/10/2025
Published 30/12/2025
Publication Time 83 Days
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