Collaborative Robotics and Smart Automation: Enhancing Human–Robot Synergy in Industry 5.0

Year : 2026 | Volume : 04 | Issue : 01 | Page : 22 29
    By

    Nidhi Chahal,

  • Simarpreet Kaur,

  • Preeti Bansal,

  • Rajnish Kumar,

  • Tinu Anand,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India
  2. Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India
  3. Assistant professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India
  4. Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India
  5. Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India

Abstract

Industry 5.0 marks a paradigm shift from efficiency-centric automation to a human-centred, sustainable, and collaborative production environment . In this context, collaborative robots, commonly referred to as cobots, play a central role by enabling direct and safe interaction between humans and machines within shared workspaces. These systems are designed to support human operators by undertaking repetitive, precision-intensive, and physically demanding tasks, thereby allowing humans to focus on supervisory control, problem-solving, and higher-level decision-making. The integration of sensing technologies, artificial intelligence, and adaptive control mechanisms enables cobots to respond dynamically to changing task conditions and human presence. This paper examines human–robot collaboration in Industry 5.0 through a combined literature-based study and simulation-driven analysis. Quantitative models are formulated to assess productivity, operational safety, and energy efficiency in collaborative work environments. Productivity is modeled by incorporating human task contribution, robotic performance, and interaction synergy. Safety evaluation accounts for physical interaction limits, task difficulty, system response capability, and ergonomic alignment with human operators. An additional energy model evaluates reductions in power consumption achieved through optimized human–robot task distribution. Simulation experiments are conducted using digital twin frameworks implemented in ROS2 and Gazebo, representing industrial scenarios in automotive manufacturing, healthcare logistics, warehousing, and food processing operations. The results indicate that collaborative configurations achieve productivity improvements of up to 25% when compared with conventional automated systems, while the probability of workplace accidents decreases by nearly 40%. Furthermore, intelligent task allocation and adaptive robot motion contribute to measurable reductions in energy consumption per unit output. In addition to performance outcomes, the study addresses workforce-related considerations such as system trust, acceptance, data privacy, and evolving job roles. The findings emphasize the importance of structured training programs, transparent decision-making mechanisms, and inclusive deployment strategies to ensure responsible adoption. Overall, the study demonstrates that collaborative robotics supports safer, more sustainable, and human-oriented industrial systems aligned with the objectives of Industry 5.0.

Keywords: Industry 5.0 framework, collaborative robot systems, human–machine cooperation, smart industrial automation, safety-aware robotics, energy-efficient manufacturing, digital twin simulation, explainable AI in Robotics

[This article belongs to International Journal of Advanced Robotics and Automation Technology ]

How to cite this article:
Nidhi Chahal, Simarpreet Kaur, Preeti Bansal, Rajnish Kumar, Tinu Anand. Collaborative Robotics and Smart Automation: Enhancing Human–Robot Synergy in Industry 5.0. International Journal of Advanced Robotics and Automation Technology. 2026; 04(01):22-29.
How to cite this URL:
Nidhi Chahal, Simarpreet Kaur, Preeti Bansal, Rajnish Kumar, Tinu Anand. Collaborative Robotics and Smart Automation: Enhancing Human–Robot Synergy in Industry 5.0. International Journal of Advanced Robotics and Automation Technology. 2026; 04(01):22-29. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijarat/article=2026/view=244002


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Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 04
Issue 01
Received 19/10/2025
Accepted 31/01/2026
Published 24/02/2026
Publication Time 128 Days
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