Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded Systems & Applications [2395-6712(e)] is a peer-reviewed hybrid open-access journal launched in 2013 focused on the publication of all the research/review work carried out under Embedded Systems & Technology. This journal covers all major fields of applications in Embedded Systems.

• Embedded architectures and hardware platforms: microcontroller and microprocessor architecture, system-on-chip and system-on-module design, FPGA and reconfigurable platforms, memory hierarchy and storage subsystems for embedded use, heterogeneous and multicore embedded processors, and domain-specific accelerators.
• Real-time systems and operating systems: real-time scheduling theory and algorithms, worst-case execution time analysis, RTOS kernel design and comparison with general-purpose operating systems, latency and jitter characterisation, priority inversion and resource sharing protocols, and mixed-criticality scheduling.
• Embedded software engineering: firmware architecture and design patterns, model-driven development for embedded targets, code generation from Simulink and UML models, memory-constrained programming practice, build and deployment toolchains, and over-the-air update mechanisms.
• Hardware–software co-design: partitioning between hardware and software, co-simulation and virtual prototyping, design space exploration, interface synthesis, and performance and area trade-off analysis.
• Low-power and energy-aware design: dynamic voltage and frequency scaling, sleep mode and duty cycle management, energy harvesting for embedded nodes, battery lifetime modelling, power measurement methodology, and energy-efficient algorithm design.
• Peripheral interfacing and communication protocols: serial and parallel bus design including UART, SPI, I²C, and CAN, industrial fieldbus protocols, high-speed interface design, electromagnetic interference and signal integrity, storage interfaces for removable media, and timing and synchronisation across interfaces.
• Sensing, actuation, and signal conversion: sensor interfacing and conditioning circuits, analogue-to-digital and digital-to-analogue conversion, sampling and anti-aliasing design, data acquisition system architecture, actuator and motor control, and calibration and compensation techniques.
• Embedded networking and Internet of Things: wireless protocols for constrained devices, low-power wide area connectivity, mesh and sensor network stacks, edge gateway architecture, device provisioning and management at scale, and interoperability across heterogeneous embedded devices.
• Edge intelligence and embedded machine learning: model compression, quantisation, and pruning for constrained targets, inference acceleration on microcontrollers and neural processing units, on-device training and federated approaches, benchmarking of embedded ML workloads, and accuracy–energy trade-offs at the edge.
• Dependability and safety-critical systems: fault tolerance and redundancy in embedded design, watchdog and recovery mechanisms, reliability and availability modelling, certification under safety standards for automotive, avionics, and medical domains, and hazard and failure mode analysis.
• Embedded security: secure boot and root of trust, hardware security modules and trusted execution environments, side-channel attack analysis and countermeasures, firmware integrity and tamper resistance, cryptographic implementation on constrained devices, and vulnerability assessment of embedded products.
• Verification, validation, and testing: formal verification and model checking of embedded designs, hardware-in-the-loop and processor-in-the-loop testing, timing verification, fault injection, test coverage for embedded software, and debugging and tracing infrastructure.
• Application domains: automotive and vehicle control systems, industrial automation and robotics, medical and wearable devices, smart building and energy systems, agricultural and environmental monitoring, and aerospace and defence embedded platforms.