Harcharandeep Kaur,
Navjeet Singh,
Gagandeep Kaur,
- Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Ludhiana Group of Colleges, Chaukimann,, Punjab, India
- Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Application, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
- Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Ludhiana Group of Colleges, Chaukimann,, Punjab, India
Abstract
Due to more ecological challenges, speedy urbanization, and boost in the demand for natural resources, sustainable development has become a main concern on a global level. Information technology (IT) supports sustainability through the ability to collect, investigate and make decisions based on large amounts of data efficiently. Mathematical models are critical tools for the analysis of complex systems, optimization of resource use and predictions of future trends. In this review paper, I will analyze the role of fundamental mathematical models in supporting applications relating to sustainability through IT, and I will discuss three major types of mathematical models, statistical models, optimization models, and predictive models that are used to analyze data, allocate resources efficiently, and develop long-term plans for sustainability systems. I will analyze the applications of these models in smart cities, renewable energy management, environmental monitoring, and sustainable digital infrastructure. Finally, I will identify several critical challenges that exist in relation to these applications such as data limitations, complexity of systems, and integration with existing technologies; as well as identify possible future research areas for the integration of mathematical models with other technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and real time data analytics to develop more efficient and sustainable technological systems.
Keywords: Mathematical modeling, information technology, sustainable development, optimization models, predictive analytics, smart cities.
[This article belongs to International Journal of Sustainability ]
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International Journal of Sustainability
| Volume | 03 | |
| Issue | 02 | |
| Received | 29/05/2026 | |
| Accepted | 11/09/2026 | |
| Published | 24/10/2026 | |
| Publication Time | 148 Days |