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ASM Lutful Ahasan,
Md. Emran Hossain,
- Professor, Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh, , Bangladesh
- Professor, Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh, , Bangladesh
Abstract
Nutritional modulation of gene expression represents a critical interface between diet and the genome, shaping metabolic efficiency, health, and productivity in animal systems. Genetic variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), copy number variants (CNVs), and microsatellite markers contribute to differential gene regulation in response to dietary inputs. This review synthesizes current knowledge on how these molecular markers influence nutrient driven gene expression and phenotypic outcomes in livestock species. SNPs provide high resolution insights into allelic variation affecting metabolic pathways, immune responses, and stress adaptation. CNVs, through duplication or deletion of genomic segments, alter gene dosage and significantly impact nutrient metabolism and physiological performance. Microsatellites, characterized by high polymorphism, are valuable for assessing genetic diversity and linking genotype variability with nutritional responsiveness. Emerging evidence demonstrates that nutrient gene interactions regulate key biological processes including energy metabolism, protein synthesis, lipid deposition, and immune function. Advances in high throughput sequencing and functional genomics have enabled the identification of candidate genes and regulatory networks influenced by dietary components. These developments support the application of precision nutrition strategies tailored to genetic profiles, enhancing feed efficiency and production outcomes. Despite these advances, challenges remain in integrating multi marker datasets, validating functional mechanisms, and translating findings into practical feeding systems. Future research should focus on combining genomic, epigenetic, and microbiome data to better understand complex regulatory pathways. Overall, the integration of SNPs, CNVs, and microsatellite markers provides a comprehensive framework for understanding nutritional regulation of gene expression, offering significant potential to improve animal health, productivity, and sustainability in modern livestock production systems.
Keywords: Copy number variants, microsatellites, nutrigenomics, single nucleotide polymorphisms, gene expression regulation
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International Journal of Molecular Biotechnological Research
| Volume | 04 | |
| 02 | ||
| Received | 01/05/2026 | |
| Accepted | 04/06/2026 | |
| Published | 15/06/2026 | |
| Publication Time | 45 Days |