A Review on Home Automation System using IoT

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Year : 2026 | Volume : 04 | 02 | Page :
By

Kadam Patil Mayuri Shankar,

Mali Sakshi Devidas,

M. V. Naiknavare,

  1. UG Students, Department of Electronic & Telecommunication Engineering, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Korti Pandharpur, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
  2. UG Students, Department of Electronic & Telecommunication Engineering, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Korti Pandharpur, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Electronic & Telecommunication Engineering, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering Korti Pandharpur, Solapur, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

The theme of this IoT-based Home Automation System is to create a smarter, safer, and more energy-efficient living environment by integrating modern sensing and communication technologies. Convenience and time management have become vital components of daily living in today’s fast-paced society. The growing demand for intelligent living has encouraged the adoption of technologies that automate everyday activities, strengthen residential security, and improve the efficient utilization of energy resources. Home automation systems address these needs by enabling automatic monitoring and control of household devices and facilities. The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has further accelerated the development of intelligent homes where appliances and systems can communicate with each other and be controlled remotely through internet-connected devices. This project utilizes an Arduino microcontroller as the central control unit and incorporates various sensors and actuators such as Infrared (IR) sensors, Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensors, parking gate motors, security sensors, and relay modules. These components work together to automate different household functions and provide users with a seamless living experience. The system is designed to monitor environmental conditions, detect obstacles, control lighting, manage parking access, and improve overall home security. By connecting these devices through IoT technology, the system enables real-time communication and intelligent decision- making based on sensor inputs. An important functionality of the proposed system is the automatic regulation of indoor lighting through the use of Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensors. The sensor continuously monitors ambient light intensity and automatically switches lights ON during low-light conditions and OFF when sufficient natural light is available. This approach enhances user comfort while reducing unnecessary electricity consumption, thereby supporting efficient energy management. Similarly, the IR sensor is employed for obstacle detection and movement sensing, which can be utilized in security applications or automated parking gate operations. When a vehicle approaches the gate, the sensor detects its presence and activates the motor mechanism to automatically open the gate. After the vehicle has safely entered or exited the premises, the gate automatically returns to its closed position, ensuring secure access without requiring human operation. The IoT connectivity feature allows users to monitor and control appliances remotely through smartphones, tablets, or computers connected to the internet. Through a dedicated mobile application or web interface, users can switch appliances ON or OFF, check system status, and receive notifications regarding security events or abnormal conditions. Remote connectivity enables homeowners to supervise and manage household appliances from any location, making the system particularly beneficial for users who are frequently away from their residences. Real-time monitoring ensures that users remain informed about the condition of their home at all times. Security is another critical aspect of the proposed home automation system The coordinated operation of multiple sensing devices allows the system to recognize unauthorized entry attempts and abnormal activities, thereby improving residential security. In such situations, the system can generate alerts and send notifications to the homeowner, allowing immediate action to be taken. This enhances the safety of residents and helps protect valuable assets. The automated parking gate system further improves security by restricting unauthorized vehicle entry and ensuring controlled access to the property. Energy efficiency is a significant benefit of home automation technology. Traditional homes often experience unnecessary power consumption due to lights, fans, and appliances being left ON unintentionally. The proposed IoT-based system minimizes energy wastage through automated control mechanisms and intelligent decision- making. By optimizing the operation of electrical devices according to environmental conditions and user requirements, the system helps reduce electricity bills and supports sustainable energy usage. The project also emphasizes ease of installation, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. The modular architecture allows additional sensors and smart devices to be integrated without major hardware modifications. Future enhancements may include voice control, artificial intelligence-based decision-making, cloud data storage, and advanced security features. Such improvements can further increase the intelligence and functionality of the system. Overall, this IoT-based Home Automation System demonstrates how modern communication technologies and embedded systems can transform conventional houses into smart living environments. The combination of sensing technologies, automated control, and remote monitoring creates a reliable smart home platform that improves comfort, enhances safety, and promotes efficient energy utilization at an affordable implementation cost. The project highlights the immense potential of IoT in shaping the future of smart homes and improving the quality of everyday life.

Keywords: Arduino, I.R. sensor, Auto Parking System, Home Automation System, Embedded systems

How to cite this article: Kadam Patil Mayuri Shankar, Mali Sakshi Devidas, M. V. Naiknavare. A Review on Home Automation System using IoT. International Journal of Electrical Machine Analysis and Design. 2026; 04(02):-.
How to cite this URL: Kadam Patil Mayuri Shankar, Mali Sakshi Devidas, M. V. Naiknavare. A Review on Home Automation System using IoT. International Journal of Electrical Machine Analysis and Design. 2026; 04(02):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijemad/article=2026/view=251363

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Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume 04
02
Received 07/07/2026
Accepted 18/07/2026
Published 01/08/2026
Publication Time 25 Days

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