This is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.
Shaikh Heena T,
Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat,
- Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
- Professor and Head, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The integration of advanced sensors is fundamentally changing the economics and reliability of electric machines. It moves design focus from minimizing material cost and adhering to conservative standards toward maximizing operational availability and energy efficiency. In the industry of tomorrow, the electric motor will not be a passive collection of coils and steel, but a self-diagnosing, self-optimizing, and perhaps even self-healing asset—a sentient motor—driven by its highly refined sixth sense, ensuring that the wheels of industry turn with unparalleled precision and resilience. The relentless drive for efficiency, reliability, and intelligence in modern industrial operations necessitates a paradigm shift in electric machine design. This abstract introduces the transformative concept of sensors-based electric machine design, wherein sensing capabilities are not merely added as afterthoughts but are intrinsically integrated into the foundational architecture of motors, generators, and actuators from the conceptual stage. This approach moves beyond traditional control loops, fostering machines that are “self-aware.” By embedding a diverse array of sensors—measuring parameters like speed, torque, temperature, vibration, current, voltage, and magnetic flux—designers can create systems that offer unparalleled precision control, real-time diagnostics, and predictive maintenance capabilities. This integration enables sophisticated closed-loop control algorithms, facilitates digital twin creation for virtual commissioning and lifecycle management, and lays the groundwork for truly autonomous and self-optimizing industrial electromechanical systems. Ultimately, sensors-based design is key to unlocking new levels of performance, energy optimization, and operational longevity, positioning industry for the demands of Industry 4.0 and beyond.
Keywords: Sensor, Electric Motor, Industry 4.0, Electric Machine, Speed, Torque.
Shaikh Heena T, Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat. Sensors-Based Electric Machine Design for Industry. International Journal of Electrical Machine Analysis and Design. 2026; 04(01):-.
Shaikh Heena T, Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat. Sensors-Based Electric Machine Design for Industry. International Journal of Electrical Machine Analysis and Design. 2026; 04(01):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijemad/article=2026/view=240174
References
[1]. Ahmed S, Tariq U, Hasan A, Rehman H. A Deep Reinforcement Learning Paradigm for DC Motor Speed Control. In2025 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC) 2025 May 18 (pp. 709-714). IEEE.
[2]. Saravanan G, Pazhanimuthu C, Naveen P. Performance improvement of DC motor control system using PID controller with Kookaburra and Red Panda optimization algorithm. Scientific Reports. 2025 Jun 6;15(1):20021.
[3]. Youssef O, Wafa M, Shalaby R. Reinforcement learning-enhanced adaptive sliding mode control for nonlinear systems. Complex & Intelligent Systems. 2025 Aug;11(8):351.
[4]. Lu P, Huang W, Xiao J. Speed tracking of Brushless DC motor based on deep reinforcement learning and PID. In2021 7th international conference on condition monitoring of machinery in non-stationary operations (CMMNO) 2021 Jun 11 (pp. 130- 134). IEEE.
[5]. Alejandro-Sanjines U, Maisincho-Jivaja A, Asanza V, Lorente-Leyva LL, Peluffo- Ordóñez DH. Adaptive PI controller based on a reinforcement learning algorithm for speed control of a DC motor. Biomimetics. 2023 Sep 19;8(5):434.
[6]. Jin X, Lv H, Tao Y, Lu J, Lv J, Opinat Ikiela NV. Deep reinforcement learning-based active disturbance rejection control for trajectory tracking of autonomous ground electric vehicles. Machines. 2025 Jun 16;13(6):523.
[7]. Gaikwad A, Chendke A, Mulani N, Sarika M. Submersible Pump Theft Indicator. IEJRD-International Multidisciplinary Journal. 2020 May;5(4):5.
[8]. Sudake SS, Khadake SB, Khedekar SV, Kawade AM, Vyavahare SS. Solar Based Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging System. IJARSCT. 2025 May;5(5):325-48.
[9]. Santos JL. Optical sensors for industry 4.0. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. 2021 May 6;27(6):1-1.
[10]. Yao L. Research on the application of intelligent sensors based on the internet of things in fault diagnosis of mechanical and electrical equipment. Measurement: Sensors. 2025 Apr 1;38:101811.
| Volume | 04 |
| 01 | |
| Received | 02/12/2025 |
| Accepted | 21/02/2026 |
| Published | 16/04/2026 |
| Publication Time | 135 Days |
Login
PlumX Metrics
